1. Although not perfect, immunization and chemoprophylaxis are highly effective at minimizing the spread of influenza and reducing morbidity and mortality, social disruption and economic loss.

2. For additional information, please see: antiviral treatment and chemoprophylaxis guidance.

3. Mass chemoprophylaxis is strongly discouraged, as it has no effect on the spread of cholera, can have adverse effects by increasing antimicrobial resistance and provides a false sense of security.

4. For travellers, malaria can be prevented through chemoprophylaxis, which suppresses the blood stage of malaria infections, thereby preventing malaria disease.

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5. Continuous chemoprophylaxis against group A streptococci has proved bein preventing recurrences of fever.

6. Antiretroviral chemoprophylaxis before exposure is a promising approach for the prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition.

7. Control measures are underway including contact tracing, chemoprophylaxis of household contacts, and immunization of high risk groups.

8. Chemoprophylaxis of close contacts and vaccination of high-risk population groups is ongoing.

9. However, larger, multicenter randomized trials comparing mechanical and chemoprophylaxis regimens are necessary to determine the true efficacy of these devices.

10. Continuous chemoprophylaxis against group A streptococci has proved to be highly effective in preventing recurrences of rheumatic fever.

11. Results The chemoprophylaxis group and the medication group indicate an obvious increase of SOD activation in mice skin and of a reduction of lipofuscin content.

12. The choice in Britain is therefore between withholding all chemoprophylaxis and using a rapid screening test.

13. Since 2006, the guidelines have not changed for groups of persons for whom vaccination are recommended and for the antiviral medications recommended for chemoprophylaxis or treatment.

14. Public education, surveillance, vaccination of high risk population and chemoprophylaxis for close contacts within 48 hours of case detection continues.

15. Some influenza viruses develop resistance to the antiviral medicines, limiting the effectiveness of chemoprophylaxis and treatment.

16. Protection may also be obtained by the use of anti-microbial drugs, e. g. chemoprophylaxis is used for the prevention of malaria.

17. Household members and persons with prolonged close contact to the patient received chemoprophylaxis .

18. Outbreak response activities include surveillance for early case detection, case management, chemoprophylaxis of close contacts and vaccination of the population at high risk.

19. Contact tracing of all clinical suspect cases is being done and 305 households have been administered chemoprophylaxis.