1 Through chemical method the alcoholic extract of cypripedium macranthum was obtained and was made to act on rat, it was discovered that the cypripedium macranthum has diuretic function.

2 The leaf traits of Cypripedium were the adaptation to the environment rich in water and nutrients but easy to change with seasons.

3 Examination of the breeding system suggests that flowers of Cypripedium are self-compatible but need pollen vectors for successful reproduction.

4 The leaf of Paphiopedilum had higher leaf construction cost and longer repayment time than that of Cypripedium.

5 Therefore, we should carry out different conservation and exploitation strategy according to the status of different Cypripedium species.