1 Abstract A new vector quantization watermarking algorithm was proposed.

2 One is adaptive quantization, and anther is adaptive prediction.

3 This paper analyzes the limitation of fixed gain quantization in G. 728 speech coding algorithm and proposes an adaptive quantization scheme with exact gain.

4 Reducing the quantization word length of decoding information can effectively decrease the hardware complexity.

5 In multimedia signal processing, quantization error is a function of input signal and it results in the audible distortion and noise modulation in the audio signals.

6 A new data representation method called direction quantization representation is presented by simulating a simplified geometric model of biological compound eye.

7 The theoretical formula of output signal-to-noise ratio involving quantization noise and round-off noise are derived.

8 The ranging error caused by quantization error of image element on CCD image plane of camera. The corre...

9 Losscurve of A/D quantization level and SNR at certain condition of SNR is given.

10 Vector Quantization ( VQ ) is one of the popular codebook design methods for text - independent speaker identification.

11 A/D quantization brings the Loss of ICR(Interference cancellation ratio) and SNR.

12 Taking into account the quantization noise, an approximate formula of the relationship between SNR and other factors is obtained in time domain.

13 The effect of quantization distortion of the differential gain(DG)and differential phase (DP) in digital color TV systems is analysed.

14 The results indicate that, after filtering both the quantization noise and the random walk coefficients of FOG can be weakened by about 60%, and the bias stability can be further improved.

15 They have passbands which extend from DC, and the quantization noise is pushed up into the higher frequencies.

16 The method utilized convolutional encoding and signal space expanding to increase Euclidian distance between signals, and the gain of quantization was further improved.

17 The strength of the embedded watermark is image-adaptive according to the wavelets quantization noise, and combined with the error-correct code, it improved the characteristic to anti-attack.

18 The paper introduces deburr algorithm before line trace in the course of vector quantization of binary map image, and it can receive better effect through applying for the algorithm.

19 It is found that for a properly chosen zeroth order Hamiltonian, under adiabatic approximation, the result of quantization for both the chaotic state and the regular state has the similar precision.

20 In this paper a method to realize these filters is introduced, and analysis of their stability, quantization noise and other characteristics and im...

21 Quantization noise analysis of linear phase frequency sampling FIR filters was discussed, and computation formula for measuring quantization noise was described in this paper.

22 In this article we introduce a method to realize such filters and give analysis of its stability, quantization noise c...

23 This system realizes the function of importing image form scanning, color quantization, pattern design, organizational structure design, yarn configuration, and machine instruction exporting.

24 The distance of the uniform color space is used as the distortion measure, and the codebook of vector quantization is used to set the color table register, which shows good results.

25 A modified image encoding algorithm based on the correlation vector quantization scheme and classified vector quantization (CVQ) in the DCT domain is presented.

26 Wide dynamic range, high gain and fine resolution are required of integrators and Analog to Digital Converters in order to limit the effects of noise, including quantization noise.

27 The work can be mainly divided into two aspects: lattice vector quantization in vector quantization coding for images and the lifting realization of the quincunx directional filter banks.

28 It is concluded that the three-sample rotation vector algorithm with the proper quantization factor outperforms others when the impact of quantization errors is taken into account.

29 Finally simulation and experiments were conducted for a DC motor servo system. The results show this method is effective and robust, and it is insensitive to quantization noise.

30 Several new algorithms of fuzzy C-mean clustering with the combination of vector quantization are proposed for speaker identification.

31 The paper mainly introduces the baseband filter used for the IS- 95A forward channel, calculates and simulates the coefficient quantization of the filter utilizing the MATLAB software.

32 The applications of vector quantization in three classes of voice compression coding are described. Finally, the paper discusses recent development and future trends in this area.

33 The BAQ is adapted to the high dynamic range of SAR complex images and reduces the quantization error.

34 The fuzzy control rule for the calculation of quantization gain factor is given.

35 Then the classified K_L transform is used to reduce the spectral correlation of quantization error image. Finally, the prediction tree is adopted to reduc...

36 Secondly, the coefficients quantization - based image watermarking using spread spectrum communication was discussed.

37 As the charge exerted from input voltage source is dependent on quantization error and input noise voltage to a large extent, the circuit has high signal input impedance.

38 In image vector quantization (VQ), the computing complexity of the classical full search algorithm increases by exponential law with vector dimension and bit rate of quantization.

39 A new method for predetermination of all-zero blocks in low rate video coding is proposed, which is based on characters of discrete cosine transform(DCT) and quantization.

40 Firstly, feature vectors are extracted from speech signal, secondly, vector quantization is utilized to design code book, and lastly, improved method is used to recognize the speech signal.

41 And then, quantization proportion analytic method and rate analytic method are utilized to analyze the every function area dividing, gross investment,(http:///quantization.html) and Caculate rent and sale situation.

42 The modulator quantizes the input signal and move the low frequency inband quantization noise to high frequency.

43 In this scheme, zero reference watermark is defined based on quantization function.

44 This paper presents a novel image super resolution method based on vector quantization.

45 In our work, the effect of Coulumb interaction between electrons, the effect of quantization of orbital motion, and the influence of alternating electric field have been taken into account.

46 Wavelet transform and vector quantization both are important tools of modern image coding.

47 Based on them, a speech encoding experiment used by bluetooth is designed, and it covers the total process of PCM from sampling, quantization and encoding.

48 By using the methods of table lookups, probability quantization and modified renormalization operations, a simple multiplication-free binary block arithmetic coding scheme is given.

49 For the absolute value of information keeps increasing during decoding, short word length with finite quantization ranges will lead to serious saturation errors(), which damages decoding performance.

50 The effect of quantization distortion of the differential gain(DG)and differential phase (DP) in digital color TV systems is analysed. Two cases are taken into account.

51 To modify this, we regulate adaptively the quantization parameter of each I-frame according to GOP complexion to avoid the buffer overflow and frame-skipping.

52 Using the background field method, find the one-loop divergence counter term of quantum gravity coupling scalar field in the framework of covariant quantization.

53 It reduces the high-frequency quantization noise generated by imprecisely positioned object edges.

54 The HMM based multiple frequency line tracking algorithms of work well under very low SNR, except for a high complexity of computation and for generally unnegligible quantization error.

55 There are the phase truncation spurs and amplitude quantization noise specially in the DDS's.

56 The spectrum characteristics of the phase truncation error and amplitude quantization error are analyzed by the method of Fourier series.

57 Context quantization is an efficient method to deal with this problem.

58 Quantization of software maintainability and ripple effect tracing are two critical issues in the field of software maintenance engineering.

59 A new phase quantization method phase hologram based on conventional random - phase encoding technique is proposed.

60 The subtracter (230) calculates the difference between the output of the adder (250) and the quantized value of the output of the adder (250) to determine the quantization error.

61 Experiments of the phase control null and random quantization in density weighted phased arrays are described.

62 Completion of a given sequence to quantify and calculate the quantization error signal to noise ratio.

63 Averaging method of neighborhood and medium filtering method are used to effectively overcome thermionic noise as result of courses of image transferring, gathering and quantization and so on.

64 A mesoscopic double resonance circuit with mutual inductance and capacitance-inductance coupling was quantized using canonical quantization method.

65 The key is the notion of a discrete quantization of a random variable X.

66 The entire process of transform and quantization can be carried out using 16-bit integer and only a single multiply per coefficient without any loss of accuracy and inverse transform mismatch.

67 For subband coders based on fllterbanks without PR constraints, the total distortion is composed of two parts: the systemic distortion and quantization distortion.

68 This method can greatly reduce the quantization error, and have stronger robustness than traditional ordinary single-valued quantization.

69 In this paper, a fast encoding algorithm that does not enhance quantization noise is introduced.

70 And the result of simulation also shows that:performance of fixed-point system is no worse than float-point system when quantization of high order and suitable fix point are employed.

71 In this algorithm, we selected the sample-standard-deviation as the key quantization threshold in every wavelet subimage...

72 The quantization of information is the starting point of information theory.

73 In quantization step quantization gene is an important parameter in video stream control. The enactment of this parameter is determined by buffer occupancy.

74 The conic errors produced by frequency band narrow, quantization error, and installation error of gyro and low attitude update rate were analyzed.

75 In order to reduce the quantization error of pipelined A/D converter, a simple and efficient modified algorithm is presented.

76 Using quantion theory, this paper researches existence of magnetic monopole, and further, obtains the important characteristics about quantization of electric charge.

77 According to the least quantization error criterion of optical wavelet filter in space domain and frequency domain, an optimal wavelet was constructed based on lifting algorithm.

78 The interpolation is equal to subdivide those control rules, so the quantization error can be eliminated thoroughly, and the system can get better steady-state performance.

79 The emphasis of sigma - delta modulator is on how to modulate the quantization noise to high frequency.

80 This paper proposes a linearization conception of the statistical quantization characteristic of roundoff quantizer.

81 You see, the quantum condition, by putting quantization into the moangular mentum it is propagated through the entire system. Orbit dimensions are quantized.

82 Credit evaluation is the quantization method with credit problem, has embodied credit system portability as one kind of economy governing machine-made .

83 A method of intelligent fuzzy control is presented based on the analysis of the control characteristic affected by different quantization factor and scaling factor.

84 The application of neural network vector quantization in speech encoding is discussed.

85 Color quantization is an elementary problem in image analysis and image processing.

86 By means of the stochastic quantization method, the Green functions of boson systems with condensed phase are considered, obtaining the Dyson equations with anomalous Green functions.

87 In this paper a new choice of measurement vector and the corresponding computation of measurement probability are presented to reduce the quantization error.

88 After that, the thesis will introduce an improved EZW algorithm based on scalariform quantization.

89 All-optical analog-to-digital conversion has been found wide applications in high-speed optical signal processing. Optical quantization is a key step in all-optical analog-to-digital conversion.

90 This method utilizes convolutional encoding and signal space expanding to increase Euclidian distance between signals, and the effect of quantization is further improved.

91 The linear weighting function is used for modifying the target buffer level, and quantization parameters(QP) are adjusted for bit allocation of the basic unit layer.

92 LSF(Line Spectrum Frequency)quantization exploits the predictive vector quantization(VQ) in the G. 729 coding speech algorithm.

93 And then, quantization Proportion analytic method and rate analytic method are utilized to analyze the every function area dividing, gross investment, and calculate rent and sale situation.

94 Quantization error of signals and weight values is considered together, and the simulation result is given at last.

95 The macroscopic quantization of circulating current is an attractive property of superfluids.

96 Feeding error comprizes phase quantization error produced by digital phase shifter, array tolerance and the error produced by failure element.

97 The speed measurement method by combining tachogenerator and photoelectric encoder was proposed for decreasing quantization noise of the photoelectric encoder.

98 When this modified controller is applied to stabilize a closed-loop sampled-data control system with adjustable holder period, the approximate error and sampling quantization error can be separated.

99 Generally speaking, the work of this thesis has made further improvements on the transform, quantization and entropy coding techniques of the AVS video coding section.

100 Mesoscopic double resonance circuit with complicated coupling is quantized by the method of harmonic oscillator quantization and linear transformation.

101 A digital audio watermarking algorithm based on SVD ( Singular Value Decomposition ) and mean quantization are presented.

101 is a sentence dictionary, on which you can find nice sentences for a large number of words.

102 This paper focuses on the influence of quantization noise in MRC combining in Rayleigh Flat - fading channel.

103 Methods of reducing measuring error caused by quantization distortion are discussed.

104 In this digital coding circuits of the fine quantization, the advanced 'WALLANCE Tree' coding circuit is used, which realized the bubble compression while encoding.

105 CORDIC algorithm is an approach to perform angle quantization. It can quantize coefficients in angle space which is denser than coefficient space.

106 However, since the fixed-point calculation maybe cause cumulative quantization error, the convergent performance of fixed-point equalizer is not better than that of floating-point equalizer.

107 Without any other additional circuit, the algorithm achieved a pipelined architecture of rounding method by adjusting the quantization level, the quantization error ranged from -1/2LSB to 1/2LSB.

108 The ranging error caused by quantization error of image element on CCD image plane of camera.

109 Designers need to keep in mind the quantization errors that result from the fixed-point representation of numbers on a fixed-point processor.

110 Forecast experiment shows that it has features such as objectivity quantization, systematization, operational practicalness and high forecast accuracy.

111 Vector Quantization (VQ) is one of the popular codebook design methods for text-independent speaker identification. The key problem of VQ is the design of codebook.

112 In order to reduce the time redundancy, the space redundancy, and the visual redundancy efficiently, this paper presents a global vector quantization algorithm based on transformed vector.

113 FSVQ is a recallable vector quantization system, which also uses past information for optimizing the code book, and is more effective for speech recognition.

114 Offering SNR estimation method based on the quantization noise power spectrum.

115 This paper presents the importance of source classification to image data compression with vector quantization technique. Also, an image data classifying method is given.

116 The quantization error is directly proportional to the quantization unit value, while the quantization unit value depends on the number of digit bits of an A/D convertor or a D/A convertor.

117 The two main causes that images are distorted are transmission error and quantization error.

118 Mesoscopic double resonance mutual inductance and capacitance coupling circuit is quantized by the method of harmonic oscillator quantization.

119 This control scheme proposes a visual quantization matrix to weight the discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients in order to reduce the coding distortion on the visual perceptibility.

120 This paper, using theoretical method of second quantization, obtains more brifely the form of Fermion pairs energy level, and calculates energy of Cooper pair.

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131 Wish you can benefit from our online sentence dictionary and make progress every day!

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