1. Each of the two cells now contains a diploid nucleus, containing both maternal and paternal chromosomes.

2. There is no diploid nucleus, with a complete complement of chromosomes, until we reach the two-cell stage.

3. Autotetroploid rice has double genome compared with diploid rice.

4. The diploid mainly consists of metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes.

5. These cells had retained a diploid Karyotype.

6. At fertilization, when the haploid gametes fuse, the diploid number of chromosomes is restored.

7. Autopolyploids may arise from the fusion of diploid gametes that have resulted from the NONDISJUNCTION of chromosomes at meiosis.

8. All diploid species are hemaphroditic and either self - fertile or self - sterile.

9. The stoma characters of both tetraploid and diploid Anthuriums were comparatively investigated.

10. The cross-compatibility between cultivated rice and 6 diploid and tetraploid wild rice species was studied by means of artificial pollination.

11. In vascular plants the diploid sporophyte is the dominant phase and in the ferns, for example,(http:///diploid.html) the gametophyte is a small prothallus .

12. Methods: The seeds of 13 cultivated populations of diploid Isatis indigotica Fort. collected from the whole country were cultivated in Chong Ming Island, Shanghai.

13. Conclusion SOFC could induce human embryo lung diploid cell malignant transformation.

14. It includes the process whereby a diploid cell of the nucellus develops into an embryo giving a diploid seed with a genetic constitution identical to the parent.

15. First, every biologist knows that most body cells of most animals are diploid; they contain two sets of chromosomes.

16. It is certain, however, that both higher animals and higher plants are diploid, with only brief haploid interludes.

17. The formation of the aleuronic layer cell wall in autotetraploid and its original diploid rice was studied by using the technique of fluorescence microscopy.

18. Comparisons of conidial size and DNA content per conidia for 'hybrids' and parental strains indicated that the 'hybrids' were diploid.

19. During the process of fertilization a zygote with the diploid set is produced.

20. Prototrophic hybrids have been obtained by the protoplast fusion between auxotrophic haploid and diploid mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

21. The autopolyploid B 97 differ widely from its parents diploid in biological characteristics.

22. The sexual organs derived from Hevea Brasiliensis were treated with colchicine, and diploid megaspores and microspores were induced.

23. The cells of the blastula , called blastomeres, also each receive a full diploid set of chromosomes.

24. Quantitative analysis of DNA content showed 30 speciments from trichoepithelioma were all diploid. While 16 of 30 specimens from keratinizing basal cell epithelioma were aneuploid.

25. Furthermore, maternal biased chromosome conversion was revealed by GISH in both triploid and diploid hybrids, as early as at trophore-larvae stage.

26. Polar nuclei The, usually two, haploid nuclei found midway along the EMBRYOSAC, forming a binucleate central cell. They may fuse to form the diploid definitive nucleus.

27. Finally, in the sporic life cycle, the living organism alternates between haploid and diploid states.

28. Establishment of allopolyploids is favored because of greater niche separation from their diploid progenitors, and taxonomists appear reluctant to name phenotypically cryptic autopolyploid species.

29. There are obvious difference on morphology and cytology between polypoid and diploid .

30. Under the same temperature, the electrolyte exosmosis rate and damage of cytomembrane of tetraploid plants were lower than diploid plants.

31. A wide range of ploidy variation occur to the complex, for example diploid, tetraploid, hexaploid, octoploid, and even dodecaploid.

32. The root yield and sugar content of tetraploid lines were higher than that of diploid lines. However, the Cercospora leaf spot resistance had no significant differences.

33. Cycling meiosis and fertilization events produces a series of transitions between alternating haploid and diploid states.

34. In addition, several copies of conserved syntenic regions exist in Brassica, which supports the hypothesis that of the Brassica diploid species are evolved from a hexaploid ancestor.

35. The results showed 16 of 30 specimens from keratinized type of basal cell epithelioma were aneuploid and 30 specimens from trichoepithelioma were all diploid.

36. In the presence of water, sperm from the antheridia swim to the archegonia and fertilisation occurs, leading to the production of a diploid sporophyte.

37. Androgenetic diploid cloning fishes were induced by thermal shock after fertilization of inactivated Crucican carp eggs with the mature spermatozoas of Singuo red carp .

38. Comparative study of gonadal development of male diploid and triploid oyster, Crassostrea gigas was made by means of flow cytometry (FCM).

39. The polyploidy cell masses and the haploidy cells appeared in the tissue cultures will not result in the hereditary variability and the changes of the character in the original diploid species.

40. Based on the basic model of heterosis process study,(/diploid.html) the resultant genetic vibration theory of heterosis mechanism was proposed according to the resultant action of the same genes in diploid crops.

41. It is difficulty to select and breed apomictic germplasm among diploid rices at present, but it has become a hotspot to select and breed apomictic germplasm among polyploid rices.

42. The identification results of cell ploidy in the material induced showed that most strains were mosaic with diploid and tetraploid cells at average levels of 79.4% and 20.6% respectively.

43. Reduction division --- The first meiotic division, so called because at this stage the chromosome number per cell is reduced from diploid to haploid.

44. The haploid plant produces gametes mitotically and is thus termed the gametophytes while the diploid plant produces spores meiotically and is called the sporophyte .

45. Under the same temperature, the electrolyte exosmosis rate of tetraploid plants were lower than diploid plants.

46. For example, in the unicellular chlamydomonas the vegetative cell is haploid, and the only diploid cells are the zygospores, which germinate to produce haploid zoospores.

47. Androgenetic diploid clones of Paramisgurnus dabryanus were induced by heat shock.

48. One complex number is used to denote each diploid and define the genetic operators.

49. Diplont A diploid organism that represents the vegetative stage in life cycles in which haploidy is restricted to the gametes.

50. Haplobiontic Describing life cycles in which only one type of somatic body is formed, which may be either haploid or diploid, i. e. either the sporophyte or the gametophyte generation is missing.

51. The fungus is unicellular and exists in both haploid and diploid phases.

52. Then in view of the disadvantages of the traditional genetic algorithm for UTP, the diploid code was put forward and alternate evolution was used to optimize multi-targets one by one.

53. Comparatively , PCR - Acc molecular marker produced two genotypes , G - type and T - type for both autotetraploid and diploid rice.

54. The traditional vinca rosea cultivated is the diploid variety, it is necessary to carry on ploidy breeding to enhance its quality.

55. Diplobiontic Describing life cycles showing a typical alternation of generations with haploid and diploid somatic bodies.

56. European nations devided are divided as to whether to diploid deploy them in airports.

57. The endosperm, which is derived from two polar nuclei fusing with one sperm, is a triploid tissue whose genetic constitution is more complex than common diploid tissue.

58. Pro , Tyr, His , Arg in diploid type could not be determined.

59. A gamete containing a diploid number of chromosomes, rather than the usual haploid number.

60. The difference of mantle between diploid and triploid is analyzed from outward appearance, tissue slides and content of protein and glycogen in Crassostrea gigas.

61. Haplodiploid - A reproductive system in which females are diploid and males result from unfertilized, haploid eggs.

62. Of the six fungal classes only the oomycetes usually have a diploid vegetative state.

63. The zygote undergoes repeated mitosis and differentiation to become the diploid organism again.