1 Methods 15 patients with cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis were treated by laparoscopy and choledochofiberscopy, then valued the clinic therapeutic effect.

2 Choledocholithiasis can cause complications of acute cholangitis, acute biliary pancreatitis and should be treated as soon as possible.

3 After two weeks she became jaundiced and was referred with the diagnosis of choledocholithiasis.

4 Objective The clinical value of endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST) and papillary balloon dilatation(EPBD) in treating choledocholithiasis was studied.

5 Objective : To observe the clinical results of laparoscopy cholecystectomy ( LC ) and endoscopic sphincterotomy for choledocholithiasis.

6 Objective: To assess the safety and curative effect of endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) and papillary balloon dilatation (EPBD) for choledocholithiasis.

7 Objective To assess the association between juxtapapillary duodenal diverticula(JDD) and choledocholithiasis.

8 The advantages are quick and high rate for expelling lithiasis, toxic less, without side effect capable of dissolving lithiasis and suitable for lithiasis of the cholecyst and choledocholithiasis.

9 Objective : To evaluate the clinical application of common bile duct exploration with choledochoscope for choledocholithiasis.

10 Background Endoscopic technique has been widely used to treat cholangiopancreatic diseases , and endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) is an chief therapeutics for choledocholithiasis.

11 ConclusionCo-therapy with endoscope combined with Chinese medicine is an important therapeutic tool for choledocholithiasis.

12 Conclusion Multiple endoscopies is practicable and safe in the treatment of choledocholithiasis .

13 Conclusions The main etiology of acute pancreatitis in cholecystectomized patients was choledocholithiasis, and the second cause was duodenal papillitis.

14 Combination of ERCP and EST is safe, effective and less pain for choledocholithiasis.

15 To compare the therapeutic efficacy and procedure related complications between endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) and surgery in treatment for choledocholithiasis concomitant with liver cirrhosis.

16 Conclusions JDD influences bile duct diameter, and is an important causative factor in the formation of choledocholithiasis.

17 Objective To study the therapeutic effect of laparoscopy combined choledochofiberscopy on cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis.

18 According to the location of gallstones, biliary calculus diseases can be classified as cholelithiasis, choledocholithiasis and hepatolithiasis.

19 Conclusion Juxtapapillary duodenal diverticulum might be one of the causes for choledocholithiasis and recurrent stones.

20 Objective:To discuss the clinical effect of combined use of duodenoscopy and laparoscopy for treatment of cholecystolithiasis complicated by choledocholithiasis.

21 Objective:To evaluate intestinal canal function in patients who underwent laparoscopic common bile duct exploration(LCBDE)and open common bile duct exploration(OCBDE)for choledocholithiasis.

22 Laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCDE) with primary duct closure is a new clinical technique of managing choledocholithiasis .