1. Dysfunction of mitochondrial respiration-chain was noted in substantia nigra.

2. The dopaminergic neurons in the dense right substantia nigra region disappeared nearly, and the surviving ones were atrophic in the model group.

3. The effect of electrical stimulation of substantia nigra, pars reticulata(SNR). on the ventromedial thalamic nucleus(VM)was investigated using extracellular-recording method in rats.

4. Conclusion Glutamate and GABA in the substantia nigra may affect iron metabolism through DMT1-IRE and HP in the caudate putamen nucleus.

5. Ultrastructure changes in substantia nigra and striatum after chronic ischemia have an effects on behavior of stereotypy and change function of dopamine system in rats.

6. Conclusion: NAC can attenuate MPTP-induced apoptosis of substantia nigra neurons through down-regulating oxidative stress and blocking JNK signaling cascade.

7. These regions include the ventral tegmental area, substantia nigra and the striatum.

8. The relationship of lateral habenula(LHb)and substantia nigra in the pain mechanism was investigated by extracellular recording.

9. OBJECTIVE To study the substantia nigra apoptosis in Parkinson disease (PD) model rats and the nigra neurons protective effect of resveratrol.

10. The changes of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra pars compact (SNC) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) in midbrain were studied using immunohistochemistry method.

11. At the left, normal numbers of neurons substantia nigra are pigmented.

12. Surgeons insert a catheter into the left and right striatum, the main recipients in the basal ganglia of the dopamine secreted by neurons of the substantia nigra.

13. Initial results in a handful of patients suggested that symptoms had improved, and PET scans indicated some restoration in dopamine uptake in the striatum and substantia nigra .

14. Results: After implantation, MAPCs could survive and differentiate into neuron-kike cells in substantia nigra and striatum, including dopamine-neurons.

15. It is caused by the death of nerve cells in a midbrain area called substantia nigra.

16. Parkinson s disease(PD), is a progressively neurodegenerative disorder, resulting from the degeneration and loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of midbrain.

17. Parkinson′s disease(PD) is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system characterized by neurodegeneration of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra.

18. Objective To study the mechanism of dopaminergic neuronal death in substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease (PD).

19. One injection of the factor into the striatum, prior to injection of the damage-inciting agent 6-OHDA, almost completely rescued dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra.

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20. Objective:To observe the effects of RSZZW combined with Madopar on substantia nigra and striatum TH-positive neurons in Parkinson disease rats.

21. The disease affects a small area of in the middle the brain called the substantia nigra.

22. Parkinson's disease arises from genetic and possibly neurotoxic causes that produce massive cell death of the neuromelanin-containing dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra.

23. Dopamine neurons in parts of the midbrain, such as the ventral tegmental area and substantia nigra pars compacta, play a vital role in the expectation of reward.