1. Scleral buckling agents Hydrogels have considerable potential in various ophthalmic applications.

2. Results:The rate of posterior scleral staphyloma was 76.19%.

3. Conclusion The repair of scleral rupture with anterior vitrectomy may prevent retina or choroid incarceration and create the chance of reconstruction of posterior segment structure.

4. Aim To observe the effect of removable scleral suture and lateral corneal incision on incidence of hypotony and shallow anterior chamber after trabeculectomy.

5. The scleral tunnel incisions ensured minimal loss of intraocular fluids during instrument excange and scleral plugs were not required to avoid ocular hypotony during scleral indentation.

6. Objective To study the effects of scleral cautery on incisional cicatrization and postoperative astigmatism after extracapsular cataract extirpation with small incision.

7. To discuss the mechanism of scleral expansion in therapying the presbyopia.

8. Conclusions The primary causes after scleral buckling were new retinal breaks, PVR development and SRF unabsorbed.

9. Objective To evaluate the possibility of the scleral buckling surgery of retinal detachment under surgical microscope.

10. Results. Of 25 subjects enrolled, scleral icterus was the most common adverse event ( 3 patients [ 12.5 % ] ).

11. Conclusions: The scleral reinforcement prevents progression by strengthening the thin posterior sclera increasing regional blood.

12. Objective To discuss the diagnosis and operation methods of occult scleral rupture.

13. Objective:To study the application of B-scan ultrasonography to posterior scleral staphyloma in eyes with myopia.

14. This paper deals with the double trephine technique in scleral groove and the analysis of longterm postoperative results of various types of glaucoma (110 eyes).

15. Results Initial evaluation revealed the presence of an area of scleral melt and epithelial defect with an underlying calcific plaque over the necrotic area in the nasal conjunctiva.

16. FFA of 4 eyes showed choroidal neovascular. The prognosis of them was bad because of repeated hemorrhage, staphyloma of posterior scleral and choroidal atrophy finally.

17. Method:17 patients were performed evisceration of eye and implanted silicon sponge in the scleral cavity immediately. 3weeks later, they were fixed false eyes.

18. Objective To explore the clinical effect of lens ( IOL ) implantation in scleral sulcus with ruptured posterior capsule.

19. Methods Suture the detached ciliary bodies , under microscopy to make anterior or to the scleral.

20. Objective To investigate the expression of 5 muscarinic receptor subtypes in the scleral tissue of immature guinea pigs.

21. Objective To compare the efficacy of pneumatic retinopexy and subretinal drainage in the treatment of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RD) in scleral buckling procedure.

21.

22. This enabled visualization of any change in the ciliary body, when the pupil was constricted by carbachol , or when the scleral overlying the ciliary body was indented.

23. Methods Pneumatic retinopexy or subretinal drainage was applied during the scleral buckling procedure when lots of subretinal fluid existed.

24. The article reported that of the 116 eyes with high myopia, posterior scleral staphyloma(PSS) had been found in 77 eyes.

25. Methods 7 patients (8 eyes) with hypotony after filtration surgery of glaucoma with mitomycin C were treated by heterogeneous scleral transplantation.

26. Objective To evaluate postoperative laser photocoagulation by binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy in patients with uncomplicated retinal detachment (RD) treated with scleral buckling surgery.

27. Retinal reposition depend on position, length and operation time of scleral rupture.

28. Methods 160 cases (168 eyes) of RRD were treated with scleral buckling. Localization and cryotherapy of retinal breaks in all eyes were performed with binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy.

29. AIM: To observe and compare the curative effects and complication of scleral cryoretinopexy in the treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) under surgical microscope and ophthalmoscope.

30. Objictive The study was designed to observe the effect of heterogeneous scleral transplantation in treatment of hypotony after filtration surgery of glaucoma with mitomycin C.

31. We successfully used autogenous periosteum to reinforce scleral defects in 3 patients after a pterygium excision.

32. Two of these patients previously had an overlay scleral homograft ( glycerine stored ) which melted subsequently.

33. Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of the scleral flap removable suture in angle-closure glaucoma.

34. CONCLUSION:IOL implantation by scleral tunnel incision in aphakic eyes after vitrectomy can improve the visual acuities.