1. Conclusions:Applied external micro fixator is an effective method of external fixation for metacarpal and phalangeal fractures, especially for comminuted fractures or cases with bone absence.

2. Conclusions Using mosaic external fixator to extend ulnar is a simple and effective method for treatment of forearm deformity due to ulnar osteochondroma.

3. Objective An external fixator was designed for curing the ulna olecranon fracture according to the principle of non-stress shelter.

4. Objective To evaluate advantage of unilateral external fixator in treatment of tibiofibular fracture.

5. Conclusion: Two head automatic new type pressure external fixator can embed more tightly without sliding, also can prevent the occurrence of coxa vara effectively.

6. The fixator with the highest axial stability did not result in the highest failure moment.

7. Objective To introduce a new device of external fixator for olecranon fracture, and evaluate its clinical treatment outcome.

8. Conclusion The external fixator gives reliable fixation , convenient examination and satisfactory effect.

9. A hinged external fixator was applied in combination with compromised internal fixation.

10. Objective: to study the adjustable external fixator for the treatment of tibial and femoral condylar fractures.

11. Objective To evaluate the treatment results of cross joint external fixator for AO type C fractures of the distal radius.

12. Biomechanical tests and clinical applications have proved that the internal fixator has the features of a short operation time, a definite fixation and few complications.

13. Objective To evaluate the short - time results of unstable distal radius fractures treated with wrist external fixator.

14. Objective To evaluate the effects of unilateral hook sulcated external fixator (UHSEF) in distal femoral fractures.

15. Debride the infective wound and removed the loose internal fixator before bone cross-pining immobilization.

16. Objective To evaluate the possibility of applying heterogenetic bone as internal fixator.

17. It is superior than traditional intertrochanteric varus osteotomy plus spica plaster fixator of hip.

18. Objective To study the mechanical features of rope ladder fixator for comminuted fractures of long tubular bone.

19. Objective: To summarize the treatment effect of applied external micro fixator on metacarpal and phalangeal fractures.

20. Conclusions It is effective to treat tarsometatarsal injury with external fixator.

21. Objective To discuss the effects and value of mi ni encircling fixator of TiNi shape memory alloy in treatment of fractures of metacarpal and phalangeal shafts.

22. Objective To evaluate the effect of unilateral hooked sulcated external fixator(UHSEF) in fractures.

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23. Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of unreamed interlocked tibial nails (UTN) and external fixator in the treatment of open tibia fractures.

24. Objective To explore the effect of using mosaic external fixator to treat the forearm deformity due to ulnar osteochondroma.

25. Objective To introduce the design of a new type of external fixator and clinical application.

26. Objective To evaluate the application of CD-cervical system internal fixator in posterior occipitocervical fusion.

27. Objective:To study the capability of the non-stress shelter external fixator for the treatment of ulna olecranal facture.

28. Conclusion Cable osteosynthesis combined with internal fixation or external fixator immobilization can be an effective alternative to treat bone nonunion in case no optional procedures are available.

29. Objective To study the complications and the countermeasures of extremities fractures treated by unilateral external fixator.

30. Methods: 16 patients with tibial plateau and femoral condylar fracture treated with external fixator.

31. This thesis presents our studies of an adjustable semi circular planum external fixator and offers a relatively detailed introduction and analysis of the structure principle and mechanics nature.