1) The Guangxi population have a high brachypterous ratio, being similar to the tropical type.

2) The Philippine populations are almost brachypterous, however, the bracheypterous ratio of BPH males raise with the increase of nymphal density.

3) Brachypterous adults of the BPH are more sensitive to environmental factors, and cause greater loss of production than macropterous adults of the BPH.

4) The Zhejiang populations show low brachypterous ratios and have a negative correlation with nymphal density, belonging to the temperate type.

5) BPH feeding on rice plants at various stages have dfferent brachypterous ratios, tillering plants cause more brachypterous females than booting rice plants.

6) When treated with changing high temperatures, the preoviposition periods of both brachypterous and macropterous female adults were prolonged.