1, ObjectiveTo assess the feasibility of nephrectomy via combined transgastric and transvesical approach in a porcine model, and to summarize our experience.

2, Objective To investigate the value of transgastric NOTES peritoneoscopy in the diagnosis of patients with tuberculous peritonitis.

3, Conclusion Transgastric NOTES peritoneoscopy with biopsy is the crux of the diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis.

4, Background To assess the safety and feasibility of hybrid transgastric endoscopic and laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a survival porcine model.

5, This was a small pilot study with hypothetical complications and problems, because actual transgastric access was not performed.