(1) Methods:Clinical data of a total of 43 renal calculus patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy were analyzed retrospectively.

(2) There was a large renal calculus (stone) that obstructed the calyces of the lower pole of this kidney, leading to a focal hydronephrosis (dilation of the collecting system).

(3) Kidney stone ( or renal calculus ) : Mass of minerals and organic matter that may form in a kidney.

(4) Canine Urinary calculi , also called urinary calculus, was the joint name of Renal calculus; ureteral calculus and vesical calculus.

(5) Objective To observe treatment effects of Rongshi capsules with gastric infusion on renal calculus in rats.

(6) Objective To assess objectively the efficacy about treatments of ESWL and PCNL for renal calculus.

(7) Objective To study the effects of orthosiphon extract on inhibiting renal calculus.

(8) The sonogram of some diseases may be misdiagnose as renal calculus.

(9) The diagnostic coincidence were affected by the size(), position of renal calculus and hydrops.

(10) Renal calculus is one of the cause of lumbar pain, and ultrasonography is the preferential methods in diagnosis of Renal calculus.