1 The P cells and T cells inside the sinoatrial node, atrial muscle cells and absorptance (A) value of cytoplasm in collagen fibers were detected with image analyzer.

2 It is characterized by sinoatrial node dysfunction and often includes atrioventricular node disease and bundle branch block.

3 Objective:To research the morphological structure of rabbit sinoatrial node (SAN).

4 Draw the material from ripe porcine sinoatrial node and use them for cell primary culture. Observe the primary cultured cell, and record the electrophysiological characteristics by patch clamp.

5 Objective To observe the morphological structures of sinoatrial node (SAN) in pig hearts.

6 Activation of the heart normally begins in the sinoatrial node.

7 Cardiomyocytes in the Sinoatrial Node This image shows a section of the sinoatrial node, a pacemaking area of the right atrium of the heart.

8 The sinoatrial node at the junction of the superior vena cava and the right atrium.

9 Objective: To study age - related variation of ratio and type of collagen fibers in human sinoatrial node.

10 According to the form and structure's view and electrophysiology detection of the cultured cell,() macrospindle cell consistents with the feature of sinoatrial node pacemaker cell.

11 Methods HE staining was applied on the frozen sections of adult rat heart to identify the sinoatrial node (SAN), atrioventricular node (AVN), and posterior nodal extension (PNE).

12 Objective: To study the effect of Bingdoukang Oral Solution (hereinafter referred to as BDK) on rabbits induced with acute injury of sinoatrial node.

13 Conclusion The results suggest that dle effect of parasympathetic nerve activity on atrioventricular node function is larger than that of sinoatrial node.

14 Create the model with sick sinus syndrome by external application of 20% methanal on the sino-atrial node. Observe the changes of heart rate and electro-physiological index of sinoatrial node.

15 It indicated that a single lead VDD pacing system is a optimal treatment for pateint with high degree AVB and normal sinoatrial node function.

16 Conclusion Hyperthyroidism presenting as bradycardia is related to the sinoatrial node function.

17 A single lead VDD pacing system (Dromos SL and SL 60/13 up) was implanted in 13 patients with high degree atrioventricular block(AVB) and normal sinoatrial node function.

18 Objective:To discuss incidence, clinical significance and result of bradycardic dysfunction of sinoatrial node in inferior wall acute myocardial infarction(AMI).

19 Objective:To investigate the architecture of collagen fibers of human sinoatrial node and its relationship to the central artery penetrated to the node.

20 The size of the vulnerable window was largest for pulmonary vein foci, becoming markedly smaller for right atrial foci, especially those near the sinoatrial node.

21 The atrioventricular block animal model after cell transplantation can confirm that the sinoatrial node pacemaker cell can work effectively.

22 Objective To study the effect of ischemia reperfusion(IR) on electrophysiological function of sinoatrial node(SAN) in rabbits.