1. For a number of reasons bilateralism is no longer appropriate as the paradigm model for the regulation of activities in the international arena.

2. So, what form should such bilateralism take today?

3. The bilateralism is a theory that two countries (or regions) take part in and work out problems by negotiation.

4. It is this kind of muscular bilateralism which I believe points the way forward for climate negotiations and, ultimately, for an international agreement on emissions reductions.

5. For advocates of the new bilateralism, such deep Franco-British co-operation, which was originally conceived as a way to make shrinking national defence budgets go further, is a big prize.

6. A general right of accession would have created a major inroad into the continuing bilateralism of even multilateral treaties.

7. The rule protected States from intervention by other States in their external affairs and maintained the inherent bilateralism of international law.

8. As a consequence,() they cannot be used to determine whether bilateralism could lead to agricultural global free trade.

9. Firstly, the PRC can easily operate "Shanghai Five" because of the characteristics of incrementalism, bilateralism , and major power relations that "Shanghai Five" implies.

10. Nor need we here examine the effect of import quotas, exchange controls, bilateralism and other means of reducing, diverting or preventing international trade.

11. Other countries, and the EU, should actively encourage US-Chinese bilateralism as far as energy is concerned.