1. All had oesophageal varices at endoscopy.

2. One male patient had two separate oesophageal carcinomas.

3. Discussion Despite the increasingly widespread use of oesophageal manometry, few studies have assessed its benefit to patient management.

4. Discussion Oesophageal involvement by lymphoma is, in most cases, secondary.

5. In conclusion oesophageal transection and gastric devascularisation appears to confer no benefit over endoscopic sclerotherapy in terms of long term survival after variceal haemorrhage.

6. All patients underwent oesophageal manometry and transit studies before and after complete healing of oesophagitis.

7. Our technique permits continuous recording from the upper oesophageal sphincter for periods of several hours without resort to sedation.

8. Patients with increased oesophageal alkalinisation require careful surveillance because of their increased likelihood of developing complications.

9. Oesophageal manometry and acid perfusion tests were performed in the morning, with the fasting patient in the left lateral position.

10. The technique is as for treating oesophageal cancers and has been published previously.

11. Peristaltic or simultaneous oesophageal contractions occurred in clusters of four or more repetitive waves and lasted for several minutes.

12. Patients with previous oesophageal or gastric surgery were excluded from the study.

13. All volunteers underwent manometry, 33 had oesophageal transit studies, and 23 had acid clearance test.

14. Cervical papillae occur anteriorly in the oesophageal region, and caudal papillae posteriorly at the tail.

15. Oesophageal transit and acid clearance have also been shown to be slower in these patients.

16. Fundoplication in itself did not affect oesophageal motility or transit, provided that the wrap was intact.

17. These relaxations are a more likely explanation for oesophagopharyngeal reflux than defective basal upper oesophageal sphincter tone.

18. By contrast with our study, the available data for oral cisapride do not suggest that cisapride affects characteristics of oesophageal contraction.

19. We have reported that endoscopic dilatation is an effective and safe short term treatment for corrosive oesophageal strictures.

20. Smoking and alcohol may promote the reflux inflammation lower oesophageal sphincter dysfunction cycle in those without a hiatus hernia.

21. The mean age increased together with the severity of the oesophageal injury.

22. Endoscopic dilatation is safe and effective for short and long term relief of dysphagia in patients with corrosive oesophageal strictures.

23. Evidence is also presented which suggests that amylase determination in oesophageal fluid is an accurate reflection of salivary contamination.

24. Cervical and caudal alae are flattened wing-like expansions of the cuticle in the oesophageal and tail regions.

25. To determine whether gastro-oesophageal reflux in asthmatics results in oesophagitis, endoscopy and oesophageal biopsy were performed on 186 consecutive adult asthmatics.

26. These repetitive simultaneous pressure waves usually occurred together with the lower oesophageal sphincter component of the migrating motor complex.

27. In 1989 Nixon and Koch described a manometric pattern they termed recurrent autonomous oesophageal peristalsis.

28. Including our two patients, only eight cases of isolated primary oesophageal involvement by lymphoma have been published.sentencedict .com

29. A recent pilot study with combined laser treatment and radiotherapy in oesophageal cancer produced promising results.

30. If dysphagia persisted despite dilatation, barium swallow examination was undertaken to assess the oesophageal lumen.

31. There is an undocumented belief that these patients have a very high stricture recurrence rate because of extensive oesophageal damage and fibrosis.

32. This supports the findings of a previous study which described increased oesophageal alkaline exposure in patients with Barrett's oesophagus.

33. In another study, prolonged oesophageal transit in a group of patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease persisted after a surgical antireflux procedure.

34. Several studies have shown the association of reflux oesophagitis with lower oesophageal sphincter dysfunction and impaired oesophageal peristalsis.

35. The study aimed to review referral patterns and assess the cost effectiveness of oesophageal manometry in clinical practice.

36. Oesophageal contractions not associated with acid reflux have been reported.

37. The tissue type plasminogen activator antigen concentrations in both oesophageal carcinomas and stomach carcinomas were similar to those of the normal tissues.

38. Diffuse oesophageal spasm was defined as the presence of greater than 10% but less than 100% simultaneous contractions.

39. One out of the 18 drug users who seroconverted suffered from oesophageal candidiasis at the time of seroconversion.

40. In several large series from other countries, however, corrosive ingestion was responsible for only 1-4% of benign oesophageal strictures.

41. Acid clearance time is a useful index of impaired oesophageal motor function.

42. No grouping had basal upper oesophageal sphincter pressure that differed significantly from any other.

43. Gastric cancer and especially oesophageal cancer ate two of the most lethal gastrointestinal cancers in terms of cure rate and survival.

44. Thus, oesophageal sensitivity to acid was preserved in our patients.

45. The oesophageal distention caused by gastro-oesophageal reflux is a potent stimulus of transient upper oesophageal sphincter relaxations in children.

46. Table V shows the percentage of time the oesophageal and gastric tracings indicated identical pressure recordings.

47. An oesophageal tube was placed just above the obstacle under fluoroscopic guidance to drain the saliva.

48. According to our data, non-deglutitive repetitive simultaneous pressure waves may occur as a normal oesophageal motor pattern.

49. Oesophageal radionuclide transit was evaluated in 15 patients and a barium meal was performed in five cases to confirm endoscopical findings.

50. Refluxed gastric alkali was determined by appearance of gastric marker in oesophageal aspirates.

51. These results clearly show that hiatal hernia is associated with more severe oesophageal mucosal disease in asthmatics.

52. Cephalic and cervical vesicles are inflations of the cuticle around the mouth opening and in the oesophageal region.

53. Although difficult,() an early diagnosis of primary oesophageal lymphoma seems to be vital as the response to treatment is often good.

54. The bursts of oesophageal contractions were not related to inappropriate lower oesophageal sphincter relaxations.

55. The logistic regression analysis showed that of the seven reflux variables only hiatal hernia predicted oesophageal mucosal status.

56. The lower oesophageal sphincter pressure was measured as the difference between the sleeve pressure and the fundic pressure.

57. Hiatal hernia was the only statistically significant predictor of oesophageal mucosal status.

58. Oesophageal strictures are probably caused by a combination of chemical oesophagitis, ulceration, and acid reflux.

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59. Of these 67 patients, most were cases of diffuse oesophageal spasm or hypertensive lower oesophageal sphincter.

60. New computerised equipment for performing oesophageal manometry was purchased in 1988.

61. Late oesophageal strictures are usually severe.

62. What can be done to prevent gastro- oesophageal reflux?

63. Objective To study the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of chylothorax following resection of oesophageal tumor.

64. Tobacco : Tobacco prevents the oesophageal sphincter from working properly, reduces the rate at which the stomach empties and increases stomach acid production.

65. One patient, 74-year-old Harry Gittins, may have gone on to recover from oesophageal cancer had Martin not administered 200mg of diamorphine the day before he died.

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66. Interested in finding out more, Iranian researchers went to Golestan province, which has one of the highest rates of oesophageal cancer in the world.

67. Recurrent episodes occur in some oesophageal diseases includinghiatus hernia, stricture, achalasia of the cardia, and in patients with diverticula or pharyngeal pouch.

68. The majority of oesophageal caustic strictures in children are observed late, when dilatation procedures are likely to be more difficult and carry a significantly higher recurrence rate.

69. There are another 7, 828 cases of oesophageal cancer, of which 5, 871 could be prevented.

70. Patients with oesophageal cancer are often encouraged to eat little and often, as large meals can be difficult to swallow.

71. To investigate the methods and period of surgical management of benign oesophageal strictures of infant.

72. Foods : Chocolate, peppermint, coffee, fruit juices and alcohol prevent the oesophageal sphincter from working properly.

73. The ex-leader of the Independence Party is no longer in parliament and stepped down from office last year following widespread protests and treatment for oesophageal cancer.

74. The latent period for improving oesophageal, pancreatic, brain and lung cancer was about five years of aspirin taking on a daily basis.

75. Both improvement in nutritional status and sustained oesophageal patency should be the reference points to a successful dilatation.

76. Each year around 7, 800 people are diagnosed with oesophageal cancer in the UK.

77. Unfortunately, early detection of oesophageal cancer is unlikely because smaller tumours produce fewer symptoms.

78. Acclaimed Japanese conductor Seiji Ozawa, who had been diagnosed with oesophageal cancer in January, said he was recovering well, but decided to cancel more concerts to concentrate on treatment.

79. Lastly, it is possible to measure the pressures within the oesophagus by means of a technique called oesophageal manometry .

80. The link between teenagers who were overweight and later cancer was particularly strong for lung, skin, oesophageal, kidney, bladder, prostate and testicular cancers.

81. Oesophageal (gullet) candidiasis is a more serious condition which can cause pain in the chest that increases with swallowing.