1. Objective To evaluate the role of homozygosity mapping in the fine mapping of the genes responsible for the rare autosomal recessive diseases.

2. The study also indicated that homozygosity by selfing could significantly enhance the mean resistance level of O. rufipogon and O. officinalis.

3. The average gene homozygosity and diversity were 0. 7561 and 0. 2439 respectively in Datong yak.

4. Treatable risk factors included anemia in 40% of patients, and elevated total plasma homocysteine or homozygosity for the t-MTHFR mutation in 21%.

5. Secondly, candidate gene analyzing and genome scanning were performed by homozygosity mapping.

6. For crop improvement, haploidy enables the achievement of rapid homozygosity, enhanced selection efficiency for recessive genes, and breeding at a diallelic state for autopolyploid species.