1. Nationalized industries were directed to adopt marginal cost pricing.

2. Free market equilibrium will not equate marginal cost and marginal benefit and there will be scope for Pareto gains.

3. Large economies of scale mean that marginal cost lies below average cost.

4. The marginal cost of capital is the discount rate that should be used in making capital budgeting decisions.

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5. This marginal cost will, of course, also increase the average cost, but the average cost will increase more slowly.

6. And a difference between price and marginal cost can make behavior very different from that in a perfectly competitive model.

7. Social efficiency requires that prices be close to marginal cost but this will imply losses for the natural monopolist.

8. Pricing at marginal cost might equate marginal cost and benefit but would entail losses.

9. If we can measure the marginal cost directly, we can infer the implicit marginal benefit from saving life through that activity.

10. Competition will drive the price down near to the marginal cost .

11. Presumably, the rational shareholder would do this up to the point at which marginal benefit was equated with marginal cost.

12. As more capital is raised, the cost increases at the margin, increasing the marginal cost in increments.

13. Any new in-house benefits an employer provides should be computed on a marginal cost basis.

14. Therefore price competition between them for the right to sell to the retailers would drive price to marginal cost.

15. The average cost then increases at a slower rate and eventually approaches the marginal cost.

16. The allowances can be diminished for later children, on the grounds that the marginal cost goes down.

17. This will result in a downward displacement of the marginal cost curve from to.

18. The profit-maximizing policy involves setting marginal revenue equal to marginal cost.

19. In other words, the Lords said, Parliament intended that teachers should be taxed only on the marginal cost.

20. But when films are taxed we have just seen that the marginal social benefit of another film exceeds its marginal cost.

21. But when the average cost curve is falling the marginal cost curve lies below average cost.

22. This excess of price over both marginal revenue and marginal cost is a convenient measure of the firm's monopoly power.

23. In this way we get closer to the efficient solution in which the marginal cost of pollution reduction is equalized across firms.

24. This is reflected in the model by a declining marginal cost curve.

25. The market ensures that the price equals the marginal benefit and the marginal cost, and hence equates the two.

26. In turn this will move producers back down their marginal cost curves and alter the net-of-tax price producers require.

27. The equilibrium price or insurance premium would equate the marginal cost and marginal benefit of risk-bearing.

28. The capital stock should be increased if the marginal social benefit exceeds the long-run marginal cost inclusive of the capital charge.

29. The model is one of monopolistic competition, in which each firm has a declining cost curve, although constant marginal cost.

30. To sum up, prices should be set at short-run marginal cost.

31. For example, an input may be priced at above marginal cost in a situation where there are variable proportions in production.

32. Pricing at short-run marginal cost, the industry will charge a price P 2.

33. In theory this process could go as far as equating marginal cost with demand so that the bureaucracy obtains all the consumer surplus.

34. Since marginal cost is less than marginal consumer benefit,[ ] society would gain by expanding the output of such industries.

35. When evaluating capital budgeting decisions, it is this marginal cost that should be used as the appropriate cost of capital.

36. Equating marginal cost and marginal revenue, each firm will produce an output at which price exceeds marginal cost.

37. Short-run marginal cost pricing equates immediate marginal costs and marginal benefits.

38. Other market proxies have laid down rules for pricing according to marginal cost.

39. The monopolist produces an output Q M at a price P M thus equating marginal cost and marginal revenue.

40. In this example, the marginal benefit of another film exceeds the marginal cost of producing another film.

41. Theoretical transfer pricing is all very well, but in practice not many companies will know their marginal cost and revenue functions.

42. Secondly[], marginal cost pricing in natural monopoly does not necessarily require a subsidy.

43. Figure 15-3 shows that at the equilibrium point E the marginal utility of the last film equals its marginal cost.

44. The role of price above marginal cost, markups.

45. Yeah, it does," said TD's Melek. "It's way above the marginal cost of production of the highest-cost producers in the world."

46. A method for formulating wastewater user charges called Two-part Marginal Cost Pricing of the Whole Water Using Process (TMC) has been studied in accordance with the current situation of China.

47. At the peak of efficiency, the marginal cost of production equals the average cost of production.

48. Perfect Competition and Monopoly emphasize the roles of average cost and marginal cost curves.

49. From theoretical mean the marginal cost to the marginal revenue is the enterprise profit maximization principle.

50. However, if the payroll tax cut is only a temporary holiday it is unlikely to affect business' perception of the marginal cost of labor.

51. The equilibrium condition of personal education investment is that marginal cost equals to marginal revenue.

52. A novel transmission pricing method based on marginal cost theory is presented.

53. The difference of incentive intensity is affected by the factor of technology spillover, the marginal cost curve of enterprises ' environmental management and the slope of marginal revenue curve.

54. Using mechanism design theory and marginal cost pricing theory, an incentive compatible bidding mechanism is introduced for power generation competition in electricity markets.

55. Methods Marginal cost method was used to determine the average days of stay for stroke inpatients.

56. Based on the concept of load-price elasticity, the principle of marginal cost pricing, and conditions of the deregulated retail electricity market, the model of spot pricing was deduced.

57. A small town is served by many competing supermarkets, which have constant marginal cost.

58. At these prices of factors, the marginal cost curve of firm 1 will be, let us say, MC.

59. In the latter, price is driven down to marginal cost.

60. In the optimal supervision level, when contractor's marginal productivity is high and marginal cost is low, it is easier to supervise and the marginal revenue of supervision is high.

61. In this paper, the theme of the peak pricing of the railway passenger transport is analyzed based on marginal cost theory, and the specific price level of...

62. Marginal cost is the incremental cost on producing one more unit.

63. The first is that, as their income rises, the marginal cost of providing services goes up.

64. We prove that the long run cost function is a power function of output[sentencedict .com], and point out the special relationship between long run marginal cost function and long run average cost function.

65. As companies compete vigorously, prices fall to just above the marginal cost of production.

66. The marginal cost of publishing in this environment is close to zero.

67. Conclusion Marginal cost method is helpful to explore the criterion of average days for inpatients.

68. People stop at the point where the marginal cost equals the marginal benefit.

69. Both marginal cost curve and marginal income curve determine the degree of fragment and spatial reorganization of global value chain.

70. The marginal cost of manufacturing pills is, after all, negligible.

71. In this case, the enterprises'pricing is between the marginal cost pricing and the monopoly pricing.

72. This method keeps economic information in marginal cost method and benefits to make both ends meet.

73. Introduced two pricing methods considering the character of the electric power: cost-plus pricing and marginal cost pricing.

74. It's commonly viewed as the only equilibrium outcome that each firm earns zero profit in the homogeneous product Bertrand game with constant marginal cost.

75. With the fixed oil price, the advance of management level can also decline marginal cost and economic limited line.

76. With the raising of proof criterion, the marginal revenue increases and the marginal cost decreases.

77. Contrarily, marginal cost increases by degrees and marginal income decreases.

78. Figure 5.11 illustrates the same point for the case in which external economies affecting marginal cost curves are sufficiently important to yield a negatively sloping supply curve to the industry.

79. In this case, without any change in the prices of factors of production, the marginal cost curve of the individual firm would shift upward as the industry expanded output.

80. This means that MC' is no longer the relevant marginal cost curve of firm 1 or the relevant supply curve of firm 1.

81. According to the conditions of optimizing the allocation of resources , it will achieve the social optimal level of pollution control when the marginal income equals to the marginal cost.

82. For a monopoly, output is determined by marginal cost and the shape of the demand curve.

83. In perfect competition, the market supply curve is determined by marginal cost.

84. It is important for the analysis that follows to note that the individual firm's supply curve is the same as its marginal cost curve.

85. We must distinguish between average cost, marginal cost, and average marginal cost.

86. The marginal cost should equal the marginal revenue for each plant.

87. The more elastic the demand the closer price is to marginal cost.

88. Technology progress and institutional change have important influence on the marginal cost curve.

89. When average costs decline in output, marginal cost is always less than average cost.

90. Define total cost, average total cost and marginal cost. How are they related?

91. Subsidies----Payments from the government that make the cost to the buyer lower than the marginal cost of production.

92. It argues that charging policy, based on marginal cost pricing, is economically efficient, and facts show that relevant principles are more widely accepted by airport operators.

93. Marginal principle in which price should be set at the point where marginal benefit equals marginal cost yields efficiency in resources uses and allocations.

94. Without production, supply curve is no longer the marginal cost curve.