1, Methods Culex pipiens pallens resistance determined by immersion method.

2, Methods The resistance to different insecticides of Culex Pipiens Pallens, Musca domestic and German cockroach were determined by dipping method, micro drip method and flask film method respectively.

3, Results The resistance of Culex pipiens pallens(field strain) to deltamethrin was the highest, of which resistance ratio was 9.0.

4, Since 1992, 1027 culex pipiens quinquefascidtus were dissected in longitudinal surveillance and 8370 were dissected in cross sectional surveillance, but no natural filarial infection was found.

5, Objective To understand the resistance situation of Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus and Anopheles dirus to pyrethroid.

6, Cross - resistances of DDT resistant larvae of Culex pipiens pallens to 14 kinds of organochlorines.

7, Culex pipiens pallens were exposed as adults and fourth instar larvae to the sublethal dosages of deltamethrin by impregnated mesh net fibres, topical appication, contaction,[http:///culex pipiens.html] and treated larvae.

8, Conclusion The permethrin resistance of Culex pipiens pallens may result in a disadvantage to its reproduction and development.

9, Results Luoyang City of Culex pipiens pallens produced dichlorvos and deltamethrin resistance, resistance coefficient of 10.48 and 15.26, respectively.

10, Objective To evaluate the repellence of five plants against the female adults of Culex pipiens pallens.

11, Objective Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) assay was applied to molecular typing of resistance-associated esterase genes of Culex pipiens complex.

12, Objective The bioactivity of twelve novel pyridine ring derivatives of podophyllotoxin were tested against 3rd instar larvae of Culex pipiens pallens.

13, Objective To determine the changes of carboxylesterase (CarE) activity in Culex pipiens quinqusfasciatus treated with cypermethrin and propoxur at sublethal doses.

14, The Bioassay of rotenone and Tephrosia vogelii extracts aerosols to Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, Blattellagermanica were researched with electron sprayer.

15, Objective To observe the efficacy of natural pyrethrum mosquito coil against Culex pipiens pallens by bioassay.

16, Methods Preparing specific DNA probe by degenerate PCR, identification and screening the cypermethrin resistance of Culex pipiens pattens .

17, Results Mosquitoes collected from Hancheng city belonged to 5 genera 7 species, Human were attacked mainly by Ae. albopictus, Culex pipiens pallens, Armigeres subalbatus, Culex tritaeniorhynchus.

18, Results:The characteristic 600bp products were observed after amplification of extracts from 4 subspecies of Culex pipiens complex and 4 geographical strains of Aedes albopictus.

19, Objective To evaluate the repellence of five plants against the female adults of Culex pipiens pollens.

20, Zoucheng was a high endemic area of bancrotian filariasis with Culex pipiens pallens as the principal transmitting vector.

21, Objective To prepare the esterase B1, A2 probe of DDVP resistant Culex pipiens pallens and detect resistant level of Culex pipiens pallens.

22, Objective To construct a stable-transfected cell line of the chymotrypsin gene from deltamethrin resistant Culex pipiens pallens.

23, The protein sequence had C-terminal conservative region of TIM protein and it had closely-related evolution relationship with TIM2 gene of Drosophila melanogaster and Culex pipiens.

24, Results Mosquitoes collected from Hancheng city belonged to 5 genera 7 species, Human were attacked mainly by Ae. albopictus, Culex pipiens pollens, Armigeres subalbatus, Culex tritaeniorhynchus.

25, Armigeres subbalbeatus would win the competition, because it had more niche breadth and more niche overlap to Culex pipiens pallens.