1. The switches close the contacts and complete the circuit.

2. He just switches off and ignores me.

3. The novel constantly switches between first-person and third-person narration.

4. He's a fellow who switches you on.

5. That girl really switches me on.

6. The heating switches off automatically.

7. We fitted dimmer switches in all the bedrooms.

8. This button switches the current on.

9. He switches between TV and theatre work.

10. He switches over to French.

11. The heating automatically switches on and off at pre-set temperatures.

12. The essay suddenly switches from a formal to an informal register.

13. The switches are cheap to buy and easy to install.

14. The kids were messing around with the switches and they fused the lights.

15. The only time he really switches off is when we're on vacation.

16. The machine switches itself off when the process is complete.

17. When a customer walks in,[Sentence dictionary] she switches on the charm.

18. The media focus on politicians' private lives inevitably switches the attention away from the real issues.

19. We have a device which switches the lights on at a preset time in the evening.

20. If he gets bored, he just switches off and looks out the window.

21. I even use it on light switches.

22. He flew a certain route, flipped the mission switches.

23. Laura switches into her grand manner.

24. This switches back to font 1. 5.

25. This applies equally to light switches and electric sockets.

26. Electricians worked through the night to localize the faulty switches.

27. I was confronted with an array of knobs, levers, and switches.

28. The cat is in a rage when his tail switches.

29. When a tape is put in the VCR, it switches on automatically .

30. The pilot reached across to the huge bank of switches on his right and flicked a couple.

31. Des lounges against it and switches on his walkie-talkie.

32. Dials and switches flashed on and off.

33. Evan switches the roof spots on full beam.

34. The high-pitched kettle may not be audible, but the automatic kettle switches itself off when it boils.

35. And in this issue, I review yet another anti-heron gizmo which switches on the fountain when the heron alights.

36. He flipped the radio switches on again and transmitted his call signal to the base at Alma-Ata.

37. The technical director operates a switcher which looks like a control board with a panel of buttons, slides, and switches.

38. He reached across to the bank of switches at his right hand and flicked a couple.

39. The instrument panel looked complicated, but all the switches were neatly marked.

40. Take electrical equipment maker Shinmei Electric, which makes switches for use in pagers and floppy disk drives.

41. They said it seems unlikely that the crash would have moved that many switches and levers into corresponding positions.

42. With a small grim smile of satisfaction,[] he went back to the utility room and looked at the power switches.

43. Cricket this year switches to an eight-aside round robin for under-12 teams, run over two days.

44. In turn, this stimulated development of switches and routers to accommodate the increasing demands of the networks.

45. Independent switches for each light will make it easier to create the appropriate atmosphere.

46. Amy flicked switches and her enormous kitchen sprang into life.

47. There are redesigned interior door panels with lighted power mirror and window switches and a new floor console with dual cup holders.

48. Mercifully, the Windows shell offers you tick boxes instead of command line switches to make life a little easier.

49. Pumps go with pipes, furnaces go with air-conditioners, switches go with wires.

50. Repeat the exercise but kick with the front or rear leg as soon as the stance switches.

51. Control panels bristled with up to thirty-five switches and buttons as if the housewife-technologist required the skills of an airline pilot.

52. Whenever you run a program it switches to the output screen to show you what the program has produced.

53. Her fingers pressed the switches and the lights on the ceiling of the incident room flickered into life.

54. Cyril Drake, a chemist at Standard Telephone Laboratories, developed dissolving glass while working on new insulating materials for switches.

55. How about light switches that clicked on loudly enough to be heard down the hall?

56. She switches the light on in her room, and I go in and sit straight down on the chair.

57. Investigative sources said the cockpit crew probably threw the switches and moved the levers in a hasty effort to correct a problem.

58. He always starts like that, and then switches into Bengali.

59. A great deal of effort, therefore, still goes into trying to put the human intelligence back into the switches.

60. Andre Berry switches on a standard domestic vacuum cleaner powered by a petrol generator to collect material to repair an historic mound.

61. As for Asynchronous Transfer Mode switches, the company is going for customers that want private networks, rather than public telecommunications operators.

62. Racks of black instrument panels lined with banks of silver toggle switches surround the pilot.

63. So a part of the argument switches to the kind of incinerators you allow while industry is forced to clean itself up.

64. A year after the Darlington Help Furniture project was launched, volunteer workers are still busy organising furniture switches throughout the town.

65. But the solution Marita used marked her as an outsider and almost tripped the legal switches of the university.

66. Light switches were lowered, and lights were hung overhead to avoid cords from traditional lamps that would get in the way.

67. The starboard manipulator is operated by a series of switches located near the viewport.

68. The manual for the drive will indicate how to set these switches.

69. Clara switches from being aggressive to being acquiescent and Lucio does the reverse.

70. When she pushes it open, and switches on the light, she finds the breeze blowing through broken windows.

71. The Grillmobil has two separate heating elements, both with 12-step variable temperature switches and two stainless steel grids that are removable.

72. I've lifted it to my ear before my brain switches to caution,[http:///switches.html] so I hold on to the handset without speaking.

73. Install large rocker switches or paint switches a contrasting color.

74. What is needed, therefore, is a way of collecting together all the processor registers to allow rapid process switches.

75. It explained how he couldn't find switches and didn't know the layout very well.

76. The patch change switches all have status LEDs sunk into the top of the switch housing.

77. The jacquard switch can be used in combination with switches 2 to 5 on the 580 and the modular electronics.

78. A simple way of upgrading switching is to fit dimmer switches, which alter the light level.

79. It's ideal for die-hard command line aficionados, and brings with it lots of switches and specifiers.

80. Switches of this kind maintain the stability of complex metabolic systems without altering the numbers or kinds of enzyme molecules present.

81. Soon he switches his grip to the exhaust pipe, which starts coming away.

82. The recent development of the electronic ballast switches on a new era in lighting technology.

83. The historical process is therefore likely to be more like a shifting see-saw as the balance of development switches between different regions.

84. The range includes single and double switches, and dimmers, which are easy to install by replacing existing wall switches.

85. Sly hit the various telephonic security switches that had started flashing on the dashboard.

86. All other flying leads for the switches and indicators are at low voltage and these can be soldered directly to the p.c.b.

87. Every time it seems hopeless, the trail switches back and the climb proceeds in relative safety.

88. Both are really unfriendly, as they're driven by command line switches.

89. The machine automatically switches off when enough water has been collected.

90. She hadn't hurt this much since Daddy Deadest was around, playing his games with his willow switches and aluminium rods.

91. And that means fiddly switches scattered haphazardly across the dash and centre console like bits of shot fired from a blunderbuss.

92. Fitted wardrobes can have internal lights worked by pressure switches that operate when the door is opened.

93. There is some merit in twiddling switches, but probably not much.

94. Next month, it was learned yesterday, StrataCom will announce multimillion-dollar contracts to sell high-speed networking switches.

95. If it wasn't light switches, it would be wall brackets.

96. In bathrooms, you must use ceiling-mounted pull-cord switches, not wall-mounted ones.

97. When E is at a minimum, the output is the settings of the other visible switches.

98. Many studies have aimed at typologies of code switching which classify switches according to their function in discourse.

99. The chapter focus then switches to chromatographic modes, reversed phase, ion exchange and size exclusion being examined.

100. Automatic time switches attached to your lighting system are easy to fit and a marvellous idea for those who live alone.

101. Such switches between the two forms of reductionism have several payoffs.

102. The digital switches industry has a major impact on the I-way.

103. Everything falls neatly to hand, and all switches and indicators are clearly marked.

104. His team has isolated the gene switches, called promoters, from rubber plants that turn genes on exclusively in the latex.

105. Certainly there is no one controlling it, as a man might control a power station by moving switches.

106. It sits atop the ignition switches for the rocket thrusters.

107. Anne trailed her fingers along the wall at shoulder height, but there were no switches or dangling cords.

108. For each trial, the experimenter placed a stimulus card in the tachistoscope and checked that all the switches were reset.

109. It is expected that in some cases, new computer interfaces, switches, and data communication protocols will be required.

110. His sudden switches of mood are difficult to deal with.

111. If the alarm gets no response, the timer goes ahead and switches off in the interest of safety and economy.

112. Don't draw blinds or curtains. you should also consider putting in lighting time switches.

113. Bell introduces crossbar central office switches.

114. Some DPDT switches have a central off position.

115. E - Avionics and Battery Master Switches.

116. Gaojing Power Plant will switches to gas-fired.

117. Permanently mounted, oil-tight proximity switches perform SPM sensing.

118. Gallium arsenide switches ten times faster than silicon All of a sudden,I've got a clock speed ten times faster with no change in design.

119. The master's arm performed until it was tired and the stock of switches notably diminished.

120. They consist of two switches and a control rod with two moveable collars.

121. This paper outdoor distribution equipment and layout of the bus architecture, power transformers, high-voltage circuit breakers, switches and arrester and isolation transformer and so on.

122. The chapter gives a number of examples of transfer switches and their application, together with examples of the use of bypass equipment as an aid to system reliability.

123. If you buy a drier, look for one with a sensor which switches off when clothes are dry.

124. In order to implement this strategy and deliver the PWM pulses to the appropriate switches, digital signal processor (DSP) and generic array logic (GAL) are used.

125. In the recent years, many high frequency MEMS switches have been excogitated, such as rotary switch, surface micromachining switch on GaAs substrate, capacitive membrane microwave switch and so on.

126. Description: Low-Voltage, Single and Dual Supply, Quad SPST, High Performance Analog Switches.

127. Limit Switches, Cam Switches, Control Switches, Lamps, Relays, Sockets, Terminal Blocks, Floatless , Timers, Temperature Controller Cable Terminal, Lugs and Socket.

128. In order to prevent the primary current from flowing in the reverse direction during zero state, two diodes are added in series with the lagging switches respectively.

129. Please note that these switches are compatible with all Numatics magnets with the exception of older style Hall effect magnets for tie rod cylinders (magnet code 3 option).

130. Photochromic materials are widely used in optical information storage, optical switching devices and optical switches and other frontier areas.

131. When a horse switches from monocular vision to binocular vision, this causes objects to jump and distort - until focused on again.

132. Over - temperature is detected a normally - closed switches connected in series and embedded in the motor stator windings.

132. is a sentence dictionary, on which you can find good sentences for a large number of words.

133. The showerhead massage is the control that switches the water from a steady stream to a pulsating jet spray.

134. The main products have changed than the tester, DC resistance tester, circuit tester, such as switches.

135. Switching from one thread to another thread means the hardware switches from using one register set to another.

136. Mixed valence binuclear complexes are ideal models for the study of molecular wires and switches.

137. Switches to the Eyedropper tool temporarily by holding down this key.

138. With the evolution of bridges and switches with fast integrated circuits, a new mode of operation is usually available: cut-through.

139. The system also includes a switch control circuit to switch the MOSFET switches in synchronization with the three-phase current flow.

140. Automatic Switches used as traffic distributors in manual exchanges ( Indianapolis, Indiana and Defiance, Ohio ).

141. With epigenetics you look at how the genome responds to the enviornment. How things like toxins and diet and other things turn on the switches that regulate how certain genes are expressed.

142. Hoping to understand what's happening in those clouds, epigenetics researchers have focused on biochemical switches that turn genes on and off.

143. Red pilot light mounted on inner door for each connected motor . Does not include temperature switches.

144. The basic formula and process for preparing conductive carbon paste used in membrane switches have been investigated.

145. A control board of device on which various displays, switches, and buttons, etc are installed.

146. The viability of multilayer switches depends on the protocol supported.

147. They found that they could, but the resistance in different switches behaved in a way that was impossible to predict using any conventional model.

148. Sump level switches may be ball float, conductivity, or ultrasonic type switches.

149. The operator's cabin can move up and down along the mast. Semiautomatic control of stacker crane is realised by a control circuitry composed of contactors and limit switches.

150. Note-like device I start fretting configuration switches, like about the same time can be activated chromatography operations, also started chromatography workstation dedicated data acquisition.

151. Audio Viusal Eqpt , Projectors, Plasmas, LCD Monitors, Computer, Projection Screen, Mobile Phones, Av Cables, Switches Monitors.

152. Some switches can be configured to perform cut-through switching on a per-port basis until a user-defined error threshold is reached, when they automatically change to store-and-forward mode.

153. And with Philipp Degen and Andriy Voronin linked with switches to VfB Stuttgart and Dinamo Moscow respectively, there could be further congestion at a snowbound John Lennon airport in the coming week.

154. Reptiles have placodes too. But in a reptile embryo each placode switches on genes that cause only the skin cells on the back edge of the placode to grow, eventually forming scales.

155. If switches disable some type of security, what effect will that have on the security of the queue manager overall?

156. High Speed Grounding Switches ( HSGS ) is one of the most effective methods of secondary arc extinction.

157. Not only the switches but also the old wiring has been replaced.

158. There are 3 rocker switches next to the transmission shifter instead of 1 rocker switch.

159. The cruise control switches are conventionally mounted on the steering colum.

160. Web switches intercept all traffic destined for a particular site.

161. Automatic switch - off function switches off the VF Scan 60 seconds after last keying in of data.

162. High-speed, single-supply 12V, quad, SPST analog switches (four NC switches).

162. try its best to collect and create good sentences.

163. YD electrical short - circuit and overload protection, it automatically switches and thermal relay ZK JR guarantee.

164. The only advantage of the differential method is that the offset voltages of the two switches tend to cancel each other.

165. Signto head is not baffle photoelectricity sensor, adjust the photoelectric switches for induction.

166. When called, the REVERT statement switches the context to the login or user in the next level up in the context stack.

167. An example of waste due to task switching is when a developer has partially completed coding one piece of functionality and then switches to another.

168. Habits: May be found in pairs along swift mountain streams. Switches its black-and-white tail back and forth.

169. One limitation that applies to hubs and switches alike is that an Ethernet network must be loop-free.

170. A novel two - step commutation method is proposed to ensure the reliable commutation between two bi - directional switches.

171. Is the headphone jack, power sockets, switches and other electronic components manufacturer one.

172. The system utilizes data - chosen - switches, microprocessor AT 89 C 51 and complex logic device ( CPLD ).

173. The nonlinear correction term is basically responsible for the optical switches.

174. Switches in the circuit may also add up to several micro volts of error voltage to the measurement.

175. Once its prey enters range, the basilisk switches to its petrifying gaze attack.

176. The changeups start with 300 and Watchmen director Zack Snyder, who switches from male-on-male violence to trot out a quintet of lingerie-clad ass-kickers in Sucker Punch.

177. For maintenance convenience, many electric switches for mine are adopted pinboard construction in order to reduce effect of coal mine production.

178. Mainstream Ethernet network switches support either 10/100 Mbps Fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet (10/100/1000) standards.

179. This circuit includes gain - boosted operational amplifier and the bootstrapped switches.

180. Two control push-buttons or stroke switches can be connected with the same input point in programmable controller and distinguished the input state of this input point by software programme.

181. The gate drive circuit is the interface between the power switches and the logic - level signals .

182. Optical switch is an important functional device in optical fibre communication networks, MEMS optical switch is one of the most promiseful optical switches.

183. The duty ratios of switches in each switching cycle can be directly obtained by simple calculation using two phases source currents and dc bus capacitor voltage.

184. Advanced features are set with individual DIP switches on the main PC Board.

185. Function and band selector switches for headphone stereo sets, liquid-crystal TV sets, car radios, camera VCRs, MP3/MP4, memory cards, etc.

186. Selector switches for the by - pass butterfly valve is located on MCC 2.

187. This broadcast storm will include Switches X and Y, and beyond.

188. The conduction losses can be outstandingly reduced by load current flowing through the normally - on switches.

189. LAN switches are characterized by the forwarding method that they support, such as a store-and-forward switch, cut-through switch, or fragment-free switch.

190. C has wide application, including central office switches and voice processing systems.

191. This article introduces a timing circuit design, which is based on coding switches and singlechip system. Hardware and software design of the circuit are also discussed in detail.

192. Induced Current Switching Tests of the Earthing Switches in Type ZFW - 500 CIS.

193. By combining the use of SNMP and the Desktop Management Interface, applications can obtain information on the network, server switches,[http:///switches.html] adapter and servers.

194. In the early days, bootstrapping a computer meant feeding a paper tape containing a boot program or manually loading a boot program using the front panel address/data/control switches.

195. This study is very useful for the optimized design of RF MEMS capacitive switches working in low vacuum.

196. Mainly produces all kinds of electronic switch socket (including the leaf switches, touch switches, toggle switches, slide switches, push switch, button switch, key switch, self-locking switch.

197. The MICROSCAN is a very compact PLC for the supervision and memorization of operation and safety switches of combustion equipment.

198. They are compatible with Woodward governing systems and speed switches.

199. The mechanical relays , which have been assumed in Fig . 4 - 9 (), can be replaced by electronic switches.

200. She comes to the hearth, and switches on the electric light there.

201. The experimental wave of the switches realizing zero-voltage-switching and the efficiency curve are given.

202. In Williams's switches, the upper resistor was made of pure semiconductor, and the lower of the oxygen-deficient metal.

203. Input was accomplished through the "Sense Switches" (I/O address 255), eight toggle switches on the left side of the front panel.

204. The mechanism of secondary arc extinction by high speed grounding switches (HSGS) is analyzed.

205. These experimental results indicated that several factors such as gas velocity, electrode erosion, insulator envelope pollution and so on limited the repetitive operating capability of the switches.

206. Furthermore, reverse recovery losses of main diodes are minimized, and auxiliary switches commutate at zero current.

207. This device can be fitted with saddle switches, coil edge switches, leg position feedback, and onboard rotation.

208. Because of the existing of reverse current, the output voltage of charge pump, NCP-1, which is utilizing charge transfer switches, is not as high as expected.

209. The power switches is able to control the direction of power flow as long as the capacitor voltage is kept higher than the system voltage.

210. If any element of an I/O path (the cable, switch, or controller) fails, DMMP switches I/O to an alternate path.

211. By using two additional diodes and a push-pull transformer, this converter achieves not only ZVS of all active switches but also high reliability.

212. By changing the multiple time-varying fading factors of the strong tracking filter, MSTKF switches between Kalman filtering and strong tracking filtering.

213. They can be applied to molecular optical switches of high storage density, high switching rate, and high write erase cycle times based on their photochromism.

214. Through studying the mechanism of the electric exploding, an inductive storage circuit with two electric explosive switches is designed to produce shot nanosecond pulse by chopped wave.

215. The view switches to the static cockpIt'set to show Batman's perspective.

216. If the voltage exceeds a critical limit ( breakover voltage ), the device switches into conduction.

217. The research on optical switches may lend to complete optical circuits on miniature circuit boards.

218. Senor switches are located near the end of each feed belts.

219. Compared with various power devices, power MOSFET were employed as the switches of the dual inverters. Soft-starting circuit is designed to overcome the surge current for protecting main switches.

220. In a redundant switched network it is possible for switches to learn the wrong information.

221. For example, if you were to design an icon which tells the user it switches something on or off, which form would you chose: a light switch on the wall, or a key in an ignition lock of a car?

222. Low - voltage switchgear and control gear - - Part 5 - 2 : Control circuit devices and switching elements - Proximity switches.

222. is a online sentence dictionary, on which you can find excellent sentences for a large number of words.

223. The second is communications technology, in particular optic fiber connected up to digital switches.

224. The cruise control switches are conventionally mounted on the steering column.

225. Membrane switches you can use the environment or circuit - oilysludge two major characteristics respectively.

226. In this paper, the buffer overflow probability of ATM switches with second order asymptotically self similar input traffic is analyzed.

227. Fixed scoreboard player names when a player switches with a leaver.

228. The EFCI-based ABR flow control scheme is a very simple scheme, and is adopted in many ATM switches.

229. When one of the intermediate speed switches is selected, using ISC adjusting switch to increase or decrease the engine speed with changeless step length.

230. This paper researches the dynamic disconnecting techniques based on two embedded control switches and one memorizer to realize the net gap technology and data exchanging safely.

231. The ACS switches from mode 7 to mode 3 when mode 7 is not able to maintain a small elevation error while dealing with the azimuth error at the same time.

232. Set the switches on MSB to 'Auto' position. Generator is to be tested under no load.

233. The red signal switches add color and quaintness to stations along the secondary lines.

234. These switches can affect the performance if an application registers a huge number of channels.

235. Tandem switches are part of what is referred to as an exchange area.

236. Lower operating torque due to non-rotating stem. Torque arm prevents rotation(), indicates position and actuates limit switches.

237. Proteus simulation document used to replace the two switches, you can observe the motor response.

238. Harris switches generally use command line mode to configure Database.

239. The car has a range of 62 miles on a fully charged battery, and once the battery runs out, the car switches into hybrid mode.

240. Most people have the kind that switches over to batteries in emergency.

241. The switches are turned ON by the Bus Enable input signal .

242. The configuration information can be used by the registration server to create a wireless switch list which includes a listing of each of the wireless the switches in the wireless local area network.

243. Free from bent and twisted rails frog , switches, and guard rails, or rails with split rail.

244. The advantage of the single-ended method is that it requires only half as many switches as the differential method.

245. The Master switch polls the network for all slave and Masterswitches in the subnet and displays a list of the switches in theStacking Services menu.

246. Semiconductor switches actuate reed relays for signal circuits or power relays for other functions.

247. The phenomenon of scattering-induced spectral switches of polychromatic Gaussian beams in the far zone belongs to the effect in singular optics.

248. Nanotubes would serve as individually addressable electromechanical switches arrayed across the surface of a microchip, storing hundreds of gigabits of information, maybe even a terabit.

249. STA5 subscriber line is applied to subscriber line interface of programmed control digital switches, and two wire analogy remote interface of access network.

250. Computer Interface Unit is added to I NFI net and the real-time data of manufacture process are retrieved to the historical data platform through interface PCs , fibers and switches.

251. Justin is sporting a new look and his trademark haircut is covered up by a grey wool beanie as he switches on Westfield Shopping Centre's Christmas Lights in London on November 7, 2011.

252. Position Indicating Switches are available for use on double-acting cylinder actuators.

253. The range of the number of switches to be installed is roughly estimated.

254. In the prison is a switch room, which contains two light switches labeled A and B,[http:///switches.html] each of which can be in either the 'on' or the 'off' position.

255. From the propagation theory of partially coherent light, spectral anomalies and spectral switches of Gaussian Schell-model beams focused by an astigmatic aperture lens are studied.

256. Those optical switches can be widely used in optical fiber communication systems.

257. Control electric box or circuit board with contactor, relay, or triac that switches to the compressor.

258. Some SPDT switches have a central off position and are described as'on - off - on '.

259. The starting count value is the threshold value where the analyzer switches from starting mode to normal mode.

260. When the switch closes, the A/C amplifier switches the condenser cooling fan to high speed.

261. However, at the distribution level, ' tie switches are used to switch feeders or feeder sections between transformers in the same station, or to adjacent substations for substation transformer load.

262. Signal acquisition part obtains voltage and current signals. The MCU uses these signals to control switches control section and balanced circuit.

263. This wiring diagram illustrates connection for heater, thermostat and auxiliary switches ( all optional ).

264. This DAC use only one standard reference voltage, and its load does not change at any states of electronic analog switches, thus the conversion precision is raised.

265. By analyzing the on-off settings of switches on every bit of sperm DNA, they found that 16 had been altered, turned on when the normal position was off, or off when the normal position was on.

266. If automatic switching is selected from the menu, the device starts insufflating in low-flow mode, then switches to the high-flow position once blow-off pressure is reached.

267. Switches can be connected to each other, a so-called daisy chaining method to add progressively larger number of devices to a LAN.

268. Switches in VTP transparent mode forward VTP advertisements but ignore information contained in the message.

269. These tests are above all used to test components or equipment employed in electricity or electro-technology of medium and high power (circuit-breakers, switches, transformers, insulators, etc...).

270. Your teen's quick-fire emotion switches show up on brain scans.

271. Further more, the switches reclose at optimal reclosing time by phase for instantaneous fault and shut down reclosure for permanent fault.

272. It is made up of many small current switches in parallel by synchronous closing and opening technique, so it can switch on-off electrobath with non-powercut.

273. With the aid of this type of device structure improvements, Graphene FET are higher switches.

274. Extra - large press head , rectangular in shape , color code push - button switches, easy to operate.

275. But we cannot neglect the following devices in it: sudden switches of scene, stream-of-consciousness device, motifs from classical and medieval myth, abundant allusions and marvelous symbolic images.

276. New global settings allow the user to configure platform-wide behaviour, for example ensuring the device automatically switches from cellular to WLAN when a free WLAN network is available.

277. The new Agilent 11713C controls a combination of four programmable attenuators and four SPDT switches, or up to 20 SPDT switches concurrently.

278. The charge injection and clock feedthrough are reduced because the control signals of the switches are complementary. The charge sharing effect is prevented by bootstrapping.

279. These multiport bridges were called switching hubs or Ethernet switches.