1. Factors causing junctional kyphosis have not been clearly elucidated.

2. The incidence of proximal junctional kyphosis was higher in the posterior group ( P 0.01 ).

3. Methods:14 cases of spinal kyphosis were treated by wedged three-columniation-osteotomy and AF pedicle screw system fixation through posterior procedure.

4. The kyphosis deformity was caused by ankylosing spondylitis in 12 cases, old lumbothoracic fracture-dislocation in 2 cases, and vertebral dysplasia in 2 cases.

5. Cob angle of kyphosis recovered from preoperative 16.4? ? to 5.2? ? ±0.3? ? at follow up.

6. O-C fusion with correction of kyphosis at the craniovertebral junction has the potential to improve sleep apnea in RA patients.

7. Conclusion In a senile patient with kyphosis, a mass shadow behind the heart should alert one to the possibility of esophageal hiatal hernia.

8. Besides, all patients had thoracolumbar kyphosis with increased antero- posterior chest diameter at this level.

9. Total lumbar lordosis (L1-S1), thoracic kyphosis (T5-T12), sacral slope, thoracolumbar angle (T11-L1), and sagittal vertical axis (SVA) were measured on the lateral view of the whole spine.

10. Primary outcomes were neurologic status, unintended secondary procedures, complications, and kyphosis angle.

11. The Team Approach to the Orthotic Treatment of Idiopathic Scoliosis and Scheuermann's Kyphosis.

12. There was a mild loss ( 2 - 4 ) of kyphosis correction during follow - up period.

13. To examine the safety and efficacy of closing - opening wedge osteotomy for angular kyphosis.

14. Four patients had neurologic deficits at the time of presentation, and all 4 had associated kyphosis.

15. Objective To make a further understanding of irreversible esophageal hiatal hernia with kyphosis and to probe its possible formative mechanism.

16. Objective. To describe the unusual complication of acute celiac artery compression after surgical kyphosis correction, to outline diagnostic methods(), and to review the pertinent literature.

17. Conclusion. Reciprocal relationship exists between lumbar lordosis and thoracic kyphosis in sagittal thoracic compensated LDK.

18. Study Design. A case of acute celiac artery compression syndrome after spinal fusion in a patient with Scheuermann kyphosis is reported.

19. Pelvic incidence correlated directly with lumbar lordosis but not kyphosis.

20. Objective: approach the method of surgical treatment for severe rigid non - angular cervical kyphosis./kyphosis.html

21. According to the concept of sagittal spinal balance, the alternating curves of cervical and lumbar lordosis and thoracic and sacral kyphosis enable the head to be positioned over the trunk and pelvis.

22. This is one of the largest reported series of Scheuermann's kyphosis treated operatively to our knowledge.

23. Materials and Methods Chest film and CT/MRI findings in 8 patients with barium meal proved esophageal hiatal hernia and kyphosis were analyzed.

24. Surgical restoration of lumbar lordosis for LDK brings about high level of statistical correlation to thoracic kyphosis improvement.

25. The use of transvertebral screws at the L5–S1level with bilateral iliac screws reduces the risk of instrumentation failure in a decompression and partial kyphosis reduction procedure.

26. This kind of irreversible esophageal hiatal hernia may be due to the traction caused by kyphosis.

27. Theoretically, segmental fixation provides for additional fixation points that may in fracture reduction and kyphosis correction.