1. Objective We investigated the method of minimally invasive esophagectomy and cardiectomy through a shorter incision on the left chest wall without video-assistance.

2. The need for esophagectomy for achalasia is very uncommon, even in the presence of a dilated esophagus, and should be reserved for failures after myotomy.

3. Esophagectomy should be considered in a patient who has had a previous myotomy, with a resting LES pressure of less than 10 mmHg, and a dilated sigmoid esophagus.

4. Objective To observe the theraputic effect of esophagectomy without thoracotomy in elder patients with esophageal and cardial carcinoma.

5. Esophagectomy was performed by either transhiatal or transthoracic approaches by experienced surgeons.

6. Esophagectomy was the standard treatment in patients with achalasia and a markedly dilated or sigmoid-shaped esophagus,() with Heller myotomy considered to be ineffective in such cases.

7. Shan Dong province hospital devises Hando - Video Assisted thoracic esophagectomy in 2002.

8. No patient with negative mucosal resection margins had residual tumor at the resection site at esophagectomy.

9. Objective To evaluate the advantages of these two types of esophagectomy and select a reasonable operative mode for the cancer of thoracic esophagus.

10. Purpose To summarize the clinical experience of assisted thoracoscopic esophagectomy ( VATS ) for treatment of esophageal squamous carcimona.

11. Method: 12 patients the carcinoma of upper esophagus administered the transhiatal esophagectomy without thoracotomy.

12. Objective To observe continuous postoperative transformation in patients received esophagectomy for carcinoma and stapled esophagogastrostomy, and to discuss its formation and management method.

13. Objective To evaluate the effect of left piriform recess-gastric (or colon) anastomosis after partial hypopharyngeal and total esophagectomy without thoracotomy in cervical esophageal carcinoma.

14. Background: Anastomotic leak after intrathoracic esophagogastrostomy remains a dreaded complication of esophagectomy.

15. Objective To explore the prevention and treatment of pulmonary failure after esophagectomy cancer.

16. Conclusions Esophagogostrostomy through left thoracolaparotomy and left cervical approach was more satisfactory operative procedure in radical esophagectomy of distal esophageal carcinoma.

17. Objective To explore the risk factors and causes affecting the operative mortality in esophagectomy cer.

18. To evaluate the short-term quality of life(QOL) in patients with retrosternal or prevertebral gastric tube reconstruction after three-incision esophagectomy.

19. Objective To study left thoracolaparotomy and left cervical approach in radical esophagectomy of distal esophageal carcinoma.