| 单词 | what |
| 释义 | what /wɒt $ wɑːt, wʌt/ ●●● S1 W1 pronoun, determiner, predeterminer 1 used to ask for information or for someone’s opinion 什么〔用于询问信息或征求意见〕 What are you doing? 你在做什么？ What subjects did you enjoy most? 你最喜欢什么学科？ What colour is the new carpet? 新地毯是什么颜色的？ What’s your new boss like? 你的新老板怎么样？ What do you think of my painting? 你觉得我的画怎样？ What do you mean, you want to spend Christmas alone? 你是什么意思，你想一个人过圣诞节？what on earth/in the world/in heaven’s name etc (=used for emphasis when you are surprised, angry etc) 到底，究竟 What on earth’s going on? 到底发生了什么事？ USAGE: What, whichWhen there are only a small number of possible things or people, you use which, not what: 可选的人或物只有少数时用which，不用whatWhich leg did he break? 他哪条腿骨折？nWhich brother do you mean? ✗Don’t say: What leg did he break? | What brother do you mean?2 used to introduce a clause about something that is or was not known or not certain 什么；什么事〔用于引导疑问从句〕 No one knows exactly what happened. 没人确切地知道发生了什么事。 It is not clear to what extent these views were shared. 不清楚有多少人认同这些观点。what to do/say/expect etc They’re discussing what to do next. 他们正在讨论下一步怎么办。3 the thing which …的东西[事情] Show me what you bought. 给我看看你买的东西。 I believe what he told me. 我相信他对我说的话。 I could get you a job here if that’s what you want. 我可以给你在这里找份工作，如果这就是你想要的。 What he did was morally wrong. 他的行为很缺德。 She gave him what money she had (=all the money she had, although she did not have much). 她把她仅有的钱全都给了他。n GrammarWhat is not a relative pronoun and should not be used to begin a clause after a noun or pronoun. Use that instead. You say: what不是关系代词，不可用在名词或代词后引导从句There are so many things that can go wrong. 有许多事情都可能会出错。 ✗Don’t say: There are so many things what can go wrong.4 EMPHASIZEused at the beginning of a statement to emphasize what you are going to say …的是…〔用在陈述句的开始，强调准备说的内容〕 What that kid needs is some love and affection. 那个孩子需要的是一些爱和关怀。 What we’ll do is leave a note for Mum to tell her we won’t be back till late. 我们要做的是给妈妈留一张便条，告诉她我们要很晚才回来。 What matters is the British people and British jobs. 重要的是英国的人民和英国的就业机会。 SPOKEN PHRASESn5. → what?6 VERYused at the beginning of a sentence to emphasize that you think something or someone is very good, very bad etc 多么，何等〔用在句子开头，强调某事或某人很好或很坏等〕 What a lovely day! 多好的天气！ What a horrible thing to do! 做这种事真可怕！ What nice people they are! 他们是多好的人啊！7 used to ask someone to complete a name when they have only given you the first part of it 什么〔用于问清别人的全名〕 ‘Do you know his name?’ ‘It’s David.’ ‘David what?’ “你知道他的名字吗？”“戴维。”“戴维什么？”8 what about ...? a) SUGGESTused to make a suggestion …怎么样？〔用于提出建议〕 What about dinner at my place next week? 下周到我家吃饭怎么样？what about doing something What about going to a movie? 去看场电影如何？ b) (also what of ...? formal)INTRODUCE used to introduce a new subject into a conversation, or to mention something or someone else that also needs to be considered …怎么样〔用于在交谈中引入新话题，或提及也需要考虑的其他事或人〕 What about Patrick? What’s he doing nowadays? 帕特里克怎么样？他现在在干什么？ What about me? Aren’t I coming too? 我呢？难道我不一起去吗？ So that’s the food – now what about the wine? 所以这些是吃的，那么酒呢？ And what of her other job? How is that progressing? 她的另一份工作呢？进展如何？9 what (...) for? a) REASONused to ask why someone does something 为什么？ ‘She’s decided to work part-time.’ ‘What for?’ “她决定去做兼职。”“为什么？” What did you do that for? 你为什么那样做？ b) REASONused to ask what purpose or use something has 〔某物〕有何用处？ What’s this gadget for? 这个小玩意儿是干什么用的？10 PAUSEused to give yourself time to think before guessing a number or amount 嗯，哦〔猜测数目或数量前给自己时间考虑〕 You’re looking at, what, about £4,000 for a decent second-hand car. 买一辆像样的二手车，你得考虑花，嗯，大约4,000英镑。11 what’s his/her/its name (also what d'you call him/her/it, what's his/her face) used when talking about a person or thing whose name you cannot immediately remember 他/她/它叫什么来着〔用于谈论一时记不起名字的人或物时〕 The hospital have just got a, what d'you call it, er ... a scanner. 医院刚买了一台新的叫什么来着，嗯——扫描器。 Is what’s his name still working there? 那个谁还在那里工作吗？12 (and) what’s more used when adding information that emphasizes what you are saying 而且〔用于补充信息，强调自己所说的话〕 Gas is a very efficient fuel. And what’s more, it’s clean. 天然气是高效燃料，而且还清洁。13 what’s what SITUATIONthe real facts about a situation that are important to know 事情的真相 She’s been working here long enough to know what’s what. 她已经在这里工作很长时间了，很了解情况。14 what’s it to you? used to tell someone angrily that something does not concern them 这跟你有什么关系？ That’s right, I didn’t pass. What’s it to you, anyway? 没错，我是没及格，可这跟你又有什么关系？ ‘How did he die?’ Suddenly Emily was angry. ‘What’s it to you?’ “他怎么死的？”埃米莉突然生气了。“那跟你有什么关系？”15 ... or what a) used at the end of a question to show that you are impatient with someone or something 还是(别的)什么〔用于疑问句的末尾表示不耐烦〕 Are you afraid of him, or what? 你是怕他还是什么？ Is that work going to be finished by Friday, or what? 那项工作是星期五完成还是怎么样？ b) used after mentioning one or more possibilities to show that you are not certain about something 还是别的什么〔用于列举的一个或多个可能性之后，表示对某事不确定〕 I don’t know whether it was an accident or on purpose or what. 我不知道这是意外还是人为所致，或是其他什么原因。 c) used after a description of someone or something to emphasize it 很，非常〔用于对某人或某物的描述后，表示强调〕 Nearby are the remains of a deserted village. Spooky or what? 附近有一处废弃村庄的遗址，特别可怕吧？ Is that madness or what? 是不是完全疯了？16 so what? (also what of it?) used to say that you do not care about something or think it is important 那有什么了不起？那又怎样？〔表示某人对某事无所谓或认为某事不重要〕 ‘Your room looks a real mess, Tracey.’ ‘So what?’ “你的房间真乱，特雷西。”“那又怎么样？” ‘But, Paul, she’s so much older than you.’ ‘What of it?’ “可是，保罗，她年龄比你大那么多。”“那又怎样？”17 you what? a) REPEAT British English used to ask someone to repeat something they have just said. It is more polite to say pardon 你说什么？〔用于让对方重复一遍所说的话，这种情况下说pardon 较为礼貌〕 ‘I want to tell you something.’ ‘You what? I can’t hear what you’re saying.’ “我想跟你说件事。”“你说什么？我听不到你说的话。” b) SURPRISEDused to show that you are surprised 你说什么？〔表示惊讶〕 ‘So I resigned.’ ‘You what?’ “所以我辞职了。”“你说什么？”18 what if ...? a) IFused to ask what you should do or what the result will be if something happens, especially something unpleasant 如果…怎么办？ 如果…将会怎样？ What if this plan of yours fails, what then? 如果你的这个计划失败了，那又该怎么办？ ‘What if it rains tomorrow?’ ‘We’ll just have to postpone it.’ “要是明天下雨怎么办？”“我们就只好延期。” b) SUGGESTused to make a suggestion 如果…怎么样？〔用于提出建议〕 What if we moved the sofa over here? Would that look better? 要是我们把沙发挪到这边来会怎么样？你认为那样看上去会不会好一些？19 ... and what have you used at the end of a list of things to mean other things of a similar kind 等等；诸如此类 The shelves were crammed with books, documents, and what have you. 架子上塞满了书、文件之类的东西。20 what with something used to introduce a list of reasons that have made something happen or made someone feel in a particular way 因为某事，由于某事〔用于列举各种理由〕 She couldn’t get to sleep, what with all the shooting and shouting. 枪声和喊声此起彼伏，她无法入睡。21 what’s with sb? REASON American English used to ask why a person or group of people is behaving strangely 某人怎么啦？〔用于询问某人或某些人为何行为古怪〕 What’s with you people? 你们这些人怎么啦？22 what’s with sth? American English used to ask the reason for something …怎么回事？ What’s with all the sad faces? 一个个都苦着脸，怎么回事？23. now what? used to ask what is going to happen next, what you should do etc 下一步会怎样？下一步怎么办？24 what's not to like/love? especially American English used to say that something has no bad qualities or features 谁不喜欢？〔用于表示某物很好〕 What's not to like about this book? 谁不喜欢这本书呢？ → what does it matter? at matter2(3), → what does somebody care at care2(6), → have what it takes at take1(4), → I/I’ll tell you what at tell(13), → guess what at guess1(6)Examples from the Corpuswhat• What a mean thing to say!• What are you doing?• What did you say?• I'm not sure what I can do to help you.• What I need is a nice hot bath.• What kind of dog is that?• She gave him what money she had.• What nice weather we're having!• They're discussing what to do next.• Let me see what you've got in the box.what to do/say/expect etc• He pinched some out and cleaned it on a crumpled paper bag, not knowing what to say.• Oh? says Blue, having no idea what to expect.• When his oration ended, the rector felt sufficiently relieved to try and figure out what to do.• It is not a simple matter of informing people what to do as you seem to think.• If you would like further advice on what to do, contact your Citizens Advice Bureau.• If you take it, I shall hear, and you know what to expect, don't you?• Building codes have been adjusted, and the public has been educated about what to do when an earthquake strikes.• The question that is left is what to do with the balance of Susan's equity in the partnership.nwhat?a) REPEATused to ask someone to repeat something they have just said because you did not hear it properly 什么？〔因没有听清楚而要求对方重复所说的话〕 ‘Could you turn the music down a bit?’ ‘What?’ “你能不能把音乐调低一点？”“什么？” b) CONTINUE/START AGAINused when you have heard someone calling to you and you are asking them what they want 什么事？〔因对方召唤而作出应答〕 ‘Elaine!’ ‘What?’ ‘Come on!’ “伊莱恩！”“什么事？”“快一点！” c) SURPRISEDused to show that you are surprised or shocked by something that someone has just said 什么？〔对他人所说的话表示惊讶或震惊〕 ‘I think I’ve lost my passport.’ ‘What?’ “我想我护照丢了。”“什么？”Examples from the Corpuswhat?• "I went to the store and bought some new shoes." "You went to the store and what?"Origin what Old English hwætwhat pronoun →n GRAMMAR1 →USAGE1 →SPOKEN PHRASES1what?LDOCE OnlineChinese information used someone’s Corpus opinion to ask for or for |
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