1. This figure may suggest colour by ocular diffraction.

2. Two of the pioneers of X-ray diffraction were William Bragg and his elder son, Lawrence.

3. X-ray diffraction and spectroscopic techniques continue to provide important clues, leading towards an understanding of the remarkable specificity of enzymatic catalysis.

4. Diffraction occurs with all types of radiation, including radio-waves, light waves and X-rays.

5. The second half of the chapter introduces electron diffraction with a focus on transmission electrons.

6. It is complementary to low energy electron diffraction, which probes long range order - ie a minimum domain size of 100-200A/9.

7. Today crystal structures are analyzed by computer-controlled x-ray diffraction equipment.

8. The diffraction patterns of fresh crystals extend to 2.6 resolution, but radiation damage rapidly reduces their quality.

9. Absorption and diffraction could help industrial researchers get a better handle on the materials they use.

10. Diffraction, too, occurs in light waves.

11. Studied the read method for equal diffraction efficiency image.

12. Lustre is the integral effect of reflection and diffraction.

13. Diffraction is the bending of light around an obstacle.

14. The uncertainty principle can account for diffraction.

15. Another important wave phenomenon is diffraction.

16. Secondly, the hologram has higher diffraction efficiency as the exposure times decrease.

17. In this paper, using the generalized HuygensFresnel diffraction integral, the focusing properties of twisted GaussianSchell model beams through an aperture lens have been studied in detail.

18. The results show that diffraction efficiency of a lossless grating increases with the higher ratio of reference beam width to object beam width.

19. X-ray powder diffraction(XRD) has been used to study the orientation of alkyl quaternary ammonium ion in the interlayer of products.

19. Wish you can benefit from our online sentence dictionary and make progress day by day!

20. Diffraction is the bending, spreading and interference of waves when they pass by an obstruction or through a gap.

21. The obvious question becomes: is this diffraction limited or not?

22. One of the simplest is an ionic crystal like sodium chloride, the first mineral analyzed after the discovery of x-ray diffraction.

23. Crystal cleanliness and crystallinity were checked by Auger electron spectroscopy and low energy electron diffraction, respectively.

24. Dispersive instruments use prisms or gratings to separate radiation of different frequencies, by refraction or diffraction.

25. In a multi-component disordered solid like soda-lime-silica glass a single spherically averaged diffraction pattern is quite inadequate.

26. Ge Si strained layers were characterized with double crystal X ray diffraction, secondary ion mass spectroscopy and spreading resistance. The Ge content in the epilayers was found to be homogeneous.

27. For infrared optical systems a point spread function is calculated in terms of the spot diagram obtained through geometrical ray trace or the theory of Kirchhoff diffraction.

28. Generally it is very difficult to tackle the problems aroused from differences in crystallinity of clay minerals and preferred orientation in quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis of clay minerals.

29. The test problem is the initial stage of a two-dimensional diffraction and reflection of a plane shock wave, impinging on a rectangular obstacle.

30. The configuration, performance of the Fresnel zone plate and the diffraction experiment result of the zone plate to coherent light are presented.

31. They use X - ray diffraction to determine the structures of proteins and nucleic acids.

32. The third chapter discussed how to perform a fresnel lens with the principle of fresnel zone diffraction.

33. Coherent optical beam formation is a new wideband radio frequency beam-forming technology, which is based on optical interference, diffraction principle and optical Fourier transformation.

34. This optic is diffraction limited at the center field but not at the edge.

35. Basic principle, experiment condition, operating process, method and steps of X-ray diffraction method to determine free silica content of respirable dust in mines are introduced in this paper.

36. Therefore, this paper proposes by experimental analysis that photons have the tension, similarly to water, and proposes a new model and an alternative hypothesis on diffraction of light.

37. A flat - field etched diffraction grating ( EDG ) wavelength demultiplexer is much more convenient in fabrication.

38. Analysis of milk protein fiber by X-ray diffraction showed that its crystalline region is composed of PVA molecules arranged regularly, and the results amorphous region consists of milk protein.

39. A hybrid technique for combining moment methods (MM) with the uniform geometrical theory of diffraction (UTD) was employed to calculate the radiation pattern of the aircraft antenna.

40. This paper expounds systematically the theory of particle measurement and size distribution via mathematical expression on the base of diffraction starting Fraunhofer diffraction fundamentals.

41. The purpose of this study is to design a diffraction optical element using magnetorheological fluid for a switchable object lens used in optical pickup head.

42. The average saturation space-charge field is small and the diffraction efficiency is low as a result of the non-uniformity of the grating.

43. The results show that not only diffraction efficiency and SNR but also storage density and data rate can be increased by reducing the spot size on the crystal surface of the incident beams.

44. Maxwell equations: Lorentz force, plane electromagnetic waves, radiation, light waves, reflexion, refraction, Huyghens principle, diffraction, interference phenomena.

45. By using electronic probe analysis, SEM analysis, x-ray diffraction and cathodoluminescence analysis, we can determine the main types of pores in the reservoir.

46. The morphology and structure of the powders were investigated by scanning electron micrography (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).

47. Now the typical means to measure residual stress are polariscope, X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, ultrasonic and so on.

48. The synthesis resin appeared a dissemination in the WAXD curve the diffraction peak was still only the crystalless state of aggregation.

49. A microscope image formation model based on scalar diffraction and Fourier optics has been developed(http://), which takes a slant angle between the optical axis and the observed surface into account.

50. An experimental study was made on the products of anode reaction in zinc manganese dioxide dry cells after different types of discharge using X-ray powder diffraction and infrared spectrum.

51. Diffraction pattern capturing and data processing are completed through Area Scan CCD camera, frame grabber and computer.

52. The influence of anomalous scattering on retained austenite determination in steel by X-ray diffraction method was investigated.

53. X ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals that degree of easy axis alignment of HD magnet is lower.

54. The film was characterized with scanning electron spectroscopy, X - ray diffraction and X - ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

55. The structure of organo clays and mechanism for their adsorption were studied by X ray diffraction(XRD) and BET area.

56. The way is simple and visual, the physical thinking of Huygens-Fresnel principle is incarnated fully, it helps to understand the quiddity of single slit Fraunhofer diffraction .

57. Numerical results demonstrate the advantages of super-Gaussian and serrated apertures in suppressing Fresnel diffraction modulations and maintaining relatively large fill factor.

58. Experimental results. show that the step number and ratio between the etching depth and the light wavelength are closely associated with the diffraction efficiency of reflection step grating.

59. The as-prepared composites were characterized with regard to their components, size, structure by X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), differential thermal analyzer(DTA-TG).

60. Least squares polynomial smoothing was constantly used in X ray diffraction test.

61. Staring from Fresnel diffraction integral, we deduced the optical intensity distribution in the Fresnel zone of the diffraction field of the annular-aperture lens axicon.

62. Photopolymer is a new material for holographic storage; it has a number of compelling properties such as high diffraction efficiency, relatively simple fabrication process, and long persistence.

63. The exponential gain coefficient . diffraction efficiency, phases conjugate reflectivity a nd the response time were measured.

64. The sample wasandwas characterized by X - ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ) .

65. Simulation and detailed analysis of low energy electron diffraction ( LEED ) data.

66. In order to acquire a high intensity and minimal scanning beam spot, diffraction analysis and optimal results have been presented.

67. The crystal structure, morphology and luminescent properties of samples were analyzed by the X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope and spectrofluorometer, respectively.

68. When the initial power equals the critical power, a stabile spatial soliton is obtained, and generally the beam width takes periodical contraction or diffraction.

69. Based on discrete diffraction light, an algorithm of holographic grating bandwidth compression is proposed.

70. By this way we can design high diffraction efficiency, as well as lager numerical aperture diffractive lens under current machine fabrication condition.

71. Based on the theory of scalar diffraction and on the Fourier optics, a formula of the diffractive efficiency with alignment error for the 4 step Fresnel lens is obtained.

72. Geometrical Theory of Diffraction is a fundamental algorithm in electromagnetic radiating and scattering, and programming is a key step for its application.

73. It has put forward a imaging method of acoustic lens using photoacoustic signal and according to the Kirchhoff diffraction theory we deduced pulse response of acoustic lens.

74. In the paper a optical storage method based on the principle of grating diffraction is presented.

75. The result indicates that fractional Fourier transform is the proper mathematic tools to Fresnel diffraction.

76. The effect of testing factors, such as the different diffraction angle, step-length and scanning rate, was analyzed preliminarily on the X-ray diffraction(XRD) patterns in this paper.

77. The double - slit electron diffraction experiment is an ideal experiment for explaining the wave - particle duality.

78. The diffraction phenomena by a circular aperture or a phase plate is analyzed by the boundary diffraction wave theory, the analytic expression of its axial intensity is obtained.

79. And adopting a method of eight light beam exposure at the same time forms four focus hololens so that diffraction efficiency is increased. Real optical path system and experimental results are given.

80. In this paper the study on the dispersion theory, design, manufacture techniques, and efficiency test methods of diffraction gratings were made in a deep way.

81. Two forms of des-(B chain C-terminal pentapeptide) insulin crystals are grown for preliminary X-ray diffraction observations. Crystallographic data for these crystals have been obtained.

82. A full vector diffraction theory for optical disk system is described.

83. The change of the crystalline structure of UHMWPE fiber was studied by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) , wide angle X-ray diffraction ( WAXD) and Raman spectroscopy.

84. The zeolite HZSM-12 was synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction, electron micrography and adsorption.

85. By means of trigonometric calculation, the intensity distribution of diffraction grating is obtained.

86. The hydrogenator has been successfully used in the in-situ diffraction experiments on several deuterides.

87. The diffraction of super Gaussian beams by an elliptic annulus is studied numerically.

88. Some double crystal rocking curves of photocathode epitaxy materials and substrates are measured by means of X-ray double crystal diffraction in the bonding process.

89. X - ray diffraction was used to analyze the changes of petroleum coke microcrystalline during carbonization.

90. A complete design example of elliptical window optical system is demonstrated and the results show that the MTF of optical system approaches the diffraction limit across the entire scanning field.

91. Some parameters, such as the diffraction aperture, the diffraction distance and phase levels of Kinoform, are discussed. They are key factors to the variable focal-length phase Fresnel lens.

92. By comparision between the Mn-Zn ferrite preparation processes, X-ray diffraction analysis and electron probe microanalysis, the properties of eutectic synthetic powder were investigated.

93. AlN films were prepared on hi alloy substrates by cathode sputtering, and the effect of gas pressure on crystal orientation and residual stress in AlN films was investigated by X-ray diffraction.

94. The geometric law of energy conservation is utilized in designing diffraction optical component and evaluating the phase function of diffraction optical component with Gauss beams input.

95. It is shown that, while maintaining a relatively large fill factor, the use of serrated apertures can suppress the diffraction modulations...

96. Scanning electron microscopy energy - dispersive spectrum, and - ray diffraction were used to characterize the composite and after hydriding.

97. The solid solubility of Ce ions in BaTiO_3 lattice and the effect of the Ce doping on the structure of BaTiO_3 dielectric ceramics were investigated by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy.

98. Furthermore, it can avoid the feedback of the zero-order diffraction beam so as to improve the SNR of the encoder output.

99. Max Born, Principles of optics: Electromagnetic theory of propagation, interference and diffraction of light.

100. It is shown that many properties of diffraction in the Fresnel region can be obtained.

101. The binary coding of cosine eliminates zeroth order diffraction theoretically, and can generate high pixel hologram.

102. In this model, the noise field in sound shadow region is deduced by applying Huygens-Fresnel principle. It provides a new ideal for deducing the diffraction sound of complicated noise...

103. The phases of corrosion products on underground steel tube and their changes with depth of rust layer were analysed using Mossbauer effect, X - ray diffraction and proton X -ray fluorescence analysis.

104. The nematic thermotropic liquid crystalline behaviour of ten kinds of PEAs obtained was studied by polarizing microscope, DSC and X-ray diffraction.

105. The change from crystal to non - crystal was confirmed by observation of sample structure by micro - polariscope combining with X - diffraction spectrum.

106. X-ray diffraction (XRD) field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) was employed to characterize product which was synthesized by flux method.

107. The characteristics of diffraction grating of oblique incidence light wave are analysed theoretically and verified in experiments.

108. The prepared product has been characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron micrography (SEM).

109. Plane diffraction grating, logarithmic amplifier and stable constant- current source are used in the system, thus the performance of the instrument is enhanced significantly and the cost is reduced.

110. Optimal operating conditions were determined. Besides , field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and X-ray diffraction (X-RD) were used in characterization of precipitates.

111. This paper from the optical interference, diffraction of light and the electromagnetic theory of light from the light experiment and theory reveal the volatility.

112. The results obviously demonstrate wave diffraction in harbor on condition of boundary reflection. Distribution of wave field in harbor is relatively appropriate.

113. Adopting the space-group extinction rule and simulating the electron diffraction pattern with computer, this paper proposed a new method for selecting the reduced quadrangle.

114. The clay minerals in 65 surface sediment samples from the Changjiang River subaqueous delta were analyzed by using X ray diffraction (XRD) analysis technique.

115. According to the theory of light diffraction and that of moire image encoding, a new technology of double image encoding using non key phase only moire method is presented in this paper.

116. The physical and chemical properties of the carbon black are detected, and its microstructure is analysed by High Revolution Electromicroscopy (HREM) and X-ray Diffraction.

117. The structure of an amorphous inorganic ion exchanger-stannic hexametaphosphate is postulated with radial distribution function (RDF) by X-ray diffraction.

118. According to the principle of the circular aperture diffraction, the cell viability, size of cell and the other parameters of cell can be detected by the method.

119. A new theoretical analysis of the contrast reversal images for the zeroth and other diffraction order encoded by a rectangular grating is given.

120. Since the stereographic projection may be rotated with any method and any angle, kikuchi diffraction patterns of any desired orientation can be output.

121. Convergent-beam electron diffraction zone-axis patterns have been obtained from transverse basal stacking faults in graphite and molybdenite.

122. In chapter 4, According to the theory of scalar diffraction, firstly, the equipollence of spatial distribution of the plane-wave interferential field and parallel projective sine grating is discussed.

123. The liquidus temperatures determined by petrographic microscopy method are in better aggreement with those determined semiquantitatively by the extrapolation method of X-ray diffraction intensity.

124. The experiment data of X-ray diffraction are analyzed by using factor analysis and cluster analysis in Statistical Program for Social Sciences(SPSS) .

125. The essential of approach is introducing the diffraction crystallography into HREM.

126. Using thin section X-ray diffraction techniques, his paper identified arfvedsonite in volcanic rocks from Songliao Basin, and thus confirmed that the volcanic rocks are composed of pantellerite.

127. Four propagation models of diffraction, line-of-sight, scatting and duct are analyzed. The basic transmission loss for each of the models is calculated according to the ITU-R model and GZB model.

128. On applying the diffraction theory and with the aid of the reciprocity theorem, an approximate formula for the radiation field of a slot cut in a metal sheet of finite size is derived.

129. Some integrated optics devices can be made based on the interdigital electrooptic bragg diffraction grating.

130. Natural and heat - treated single crystals of albite were studied by electronparamagnetic resonance ( EPR ) and X - ray diffraction.

131. The diagram does not consider additional constraints: decreased resolution due to diffraction and increased susceptibility to fixed pattern noise with longer exposures.

132. Glass microspheres doped with rare earth elements were prepared and characterized by powder X ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microcopy (SEM), and Raman spectrum and so on.

133. Synthesises eighteen kinds of cinnamylidene acetophenone derivatives and discusses their properties of IR, UV, photoacoustic spectrum , X ray diffraction and second harmonic generation (SHG).

134. Factors such as diffraction, dihedral error, surface precision, which can influence the fidelity of the retroreflector array, are discussed too.

135. This is achieved by first crystallizing the purified biomolecule into ordered arrays and then using X-ray diffraction to analyze the crystals.

136. The angular dispersion formula of twodimensionally periodic structure in arbitrary oblique angle of incidence was presented based on the vector diffraction theory.

137. This paper suggests a new method of rapid and automatic measuring the spectral diffraction efficiency curve of plane grating.

138. Radiation protection standards for X - ray diffraction and fluorescence analysis equipment.

139. Following,() the English physicists - Braggs' obtained a simpler equation - the Bragg's law to show the relation of diffraction and made it easier to be accepted.

140. The polymer structure was investigated by using FTIR, X - ray diffraction, electron diffraction and contact angle measurements.

141. The light is emitted by the laser diode and enters a diffraction grating.

142. The propagation formula of the cross-spectral density of partially coherent flattened Gaussian Beam(PCFGB) through ABCD optical system was derived using Huygens-Fresnel diffraction integral formula.

143. Based on the theory of Fraunhofer diffraction, an improved method is introduced to measure Young ' s modulus of steel wires using CCD.

144. When the diameter of the particles satisfied some conditions, Mie theory is approximate to Fraunhofer diffraction theory.

145. By using pseudo differential operator, a wave equation can be split into a diffraction equation and a time shift equation.

146. The crystal structures have been determined by X-ray monocrystal diffraction.

147. Ray path tracing is a key step to apply geometrical theory of diffraction in solving the problems of high frequency electromagnetic scattering and radiating.

148. So liquid crystal grating is used in extensive field such as diffraction optics, photoelectric switch, deflexion controlling of light beam.

149. In this paper, the analytic expression of diffraction efficiency corresponding to the mask etch-depth errors is deduced from the scale diffraction theory.

150. The X-ray diffraction(XRD) patterns show that ZAO thin films has a hexagonal wurtzite structure.

151. The compatibility, crystalline structure, transitions and some mechanical properties of PEK-C/PEEK blends were studied by DMS, DSC, X-ray diffraction and Instron.

152. These results are in accordance with the X-ray diffraction data of La(98)HY.

153. A solution is obtained for the problem of the diffraction and scattering of the lateral wave propagating over a forested flat-curved-flat terrain by the mode matching procedure.

154. The principle of measuring the light velocity with the method of wave modulation by ultrasonic diffraction crystal grating is analysed, and the experiment method is introduced.

155. The optimal IDT aperture and the aperture ratio are determined by calculating diffraction response.

156. On the basis of Fraunhofer diffraction theory, the diffraction patterns of a Varied Line-space(VLS) grating were obtained for incidence beam in parallel and uniform.

157. Phenomenon of Moire fringe is explain by ordinal number equation and diffraction theory respectively.

158. The researchers analysed the sizes and structures of ash particles using a variety of techniques, such as atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction.

159. The procucts were characterized by scanning electron microscope ( SEM ) , infrared spectra ( IR ) , raman shift ( Raman ), X - ray diffraction ( XRD ) , thermogravimetric analysis ( TGA ).

160. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), excitation, emission and phonon side band spectra of the upper and lower parts of crystals were measured.

161. And point out the beams whose expression is the zeroth order Bessel function is not nondiffraction beams, but it is a kind of special Fresnel diffraction beams or interference.

162. When the laser beam goes through the diffraction grating, it is split up into a central bright beam plus a number of side beams.

163. The reaction mainly occured at amorphous region, which was revealed in X-ray diffraction and SEM photos.

164. By examinations of metallograph, microhardness, X-ray diffraction, the author determines the boriding layer's microstructure and hardness curve.

165. Evidently diffraction, as well as interference, is a wave property.

166. Numerical results demonstrate that CSR fan-out gratings with high diffraction efficiency and good uniformity can be obtained by using the algorithm proposed hereinbefore.

167. Acousto-optic technology of Bragg diffraction is a new kind of borderline science and application technology.

168. Through X " diffraction analysis of the protection film , the theory of gas protection certificated. "

169. A new indexing method on the spots of high order Lane zone in electron diffraction pattern has been developed.

169. try its best to collect and make good sentences.

170. When the laser beams project in the relief gratings, its transmission diffraction patterns represent the surface informations of the relief gratings.

171. It presents the characteristics of transmissive laser Moire signals and builds mathematic model of two grating diffraction.

172. There will therefore be very little diffraction parallel to the edges of the slit.

173. Geometrical Theory of Diffraction(GTD) is a fundamental algorithm in electromagnetic radiating and scattering, and programming is a key step for its application.

174. The scattering and diffraction of plane P waves by circular-are alluvial valleys with water is studied in this paper. The Fourier- Bessel series expansion technique is used to solve this problem.

175. Directivity and sound diffraction of the pinna of the Megaderma spasma are studied to predict the the role of these outer ear extensions in the biosonar system.

176. The second order diffraction light of Rayleigh scattering light, Raman light, diffused light and the fluorescence diffracted from the grating have been discussed.

177. The investigators "successfully and consistently generated the basic alpha-keratin X-ray diffraction pattern in every hair sample."

178. The effect on amplitude of EXAFS from harmonic caused by high order diffraction of crystal monochromator is discussed.

179. Natural diamond with seed crystal is discovered for the first time in Hunan Province by the study of synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction topography.

180. Solving some diffraction problems by the method will incarnate its unique advantage.

181. As the key device of a DWDM system, Etching Diffraction Grating (EDG) is one of the most potential types of planar waveguide DWDM devices.

182. The reinforcement mechanism of brucite fiber on portlandite cement slurry was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), non-contacting electrical resistivity meter.

183. This paper presents a new non-contact displacement sensor with diffraction grating metrology system based on an improved Foucault focus detection method.

184. The standard X - ray diffraction Fourier pattern of calcium carbonate for Pearl Aragonite mineral aragonite was obtained.

185. XRD ( X - Ray Diffraction ) and XPS ( X - Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy ) indicated that the inner core was metallic silver.

186. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C-NMR) were adopted to study the structure change of Armos fibers after irradiation.

187. Finally adopted a diffraction grating monochromator spectral characteristics of optoelectronic devices as measuring equipment.

188. Combining X - ray diffraction and SEM - EDX observation, the state analysis method of yttrium in steel was established.

189. X - ray diffraction ( XRD ) and transmission electron microscopy ( SEM ) to characterization.

190. After analyzing the relationship between the intensity distribution of the diffraction rings and the liquid surface wave amplitude, the damping constant was obtained.

191. The grinding affected layer of carburized and hardened gears has been studied by means of metalloscopy, microhardness measurment and X-ray diffraction in the paper.

192. Phases constitution, microstructure and element distribution of the coating were studied by X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscope(SEM) and electron probe microanalysis(EPMA).

193. Light reflection, refraction law of refraction imaging, imaging lenses, optical interference, diffraction, and so on.

194. The recent years, the diffraction grating technology is valued people's day by day.

195. The structures of the serial copper(I) complexes contained derivative bipyridine ligands have been determined and studied by X-ray diffraction.

196. The distributions of composition, phase-and microstructure were examined respectively by using electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

197. By carring out the corresponding experiment, then the optical system chart, diffraction encircled energy diagram and the spot diagram were given.

198. The influence of anomalous scattering on austenite determination in steel by X - ray diffraction method was investigated.

199. Analyzes the principle errors in measuring small dimensions by Fraunhofer diffraction , including Fraunhofer approximation error and the place detecting error of extreme value characteristic aspect.

200. Impedance, charge and discharge performance. The crystal structure of calcium zincate composed by ourselves was verified by X-ray diffraction.

201. PAN fibers with different drawing ratio and different preoxidation degree were investigated by means of sound velocimeter and X-ray diffraction meter.

202. The spectrometer has a curved crystal Bragg diffraction structure of Johann type.

203. Rainbow hologram is based on the characteristics of light diffraction phenomenon.

204. But cell constant, diffraction site and intensities have been changed.

205. The roasting kinetics of copper sulfide concentrate is investigated with the differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermo-gravimetry (TG) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).

206. This article analyse the physics signification of Fourier transform by Hugens principle and Fraunhofer diffraction.

207. Finally, the computation of wave reflection and diffraction in the Dalian Harbor indicates that the present method can be widely used for computing the wave field in harbors.

208. The constitutes and structures of oil sludge produced in the process of rolling aluminum foil were analyzed by means of infrared spectrum analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis and XPS analysis.

209. Carbon-coated iron nanoparticles also has good antioxidation and stability by an X-rays diffraction (XRD) structural analysis.

210. X — Ray Diffraction ( XRD ) spectra indicate that these compounds are single perovskite in structure.

211. Optical metallographic microscope, micro-hardness tester, electron microprobe and X-ray diffraction analysis were applied to explore the process of intermediate temperature tempering transformation.

212. In Fraunhofer diffraction area, the spot center is light spot, around encircle light and dark ring.

213. TiC powders were characterized using X - ray diffraction ( XRD ) and transmission electron microscopy ( TEM ) .

214. The X ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that the rhombohedral phase fraction of natural graphite increased after being coated.

215. Based on the Fraunhofer diffraction theory and a microlens, a high-performance complex optical system for a digital sun sensor is designed.

216. On the sub-bottom profiling, the pipeline's reflection has strong diffraction which shows "Crescent-shaped".

217. The diffraction method is appreciably lower than that of the spectroscopic method.

218. The photoelastic coefficients and figures of merit have been determined using the ultrasonic light diffraction technique for a few kinds of glasses.

219. The dynamic changes of cell wall ultrastructures of cotton fiber (Gossypium hirsutum L. Daizi-15) during development were studied by X-ray diffraction technique.

220. According to the refractive index ellipsoid of uniaxial crystal, the relationship between diffraction efficiency of volume grating and polarization state of readout beam is theoretically analyzed.

221. Selected - area electron diffraction ( SAED ) confirmed that SnO 2 nanorods are polycrystalline.

222. A serials of complexes of chrysin and its sulfonate derivates were synthesized. And the structures were characterized by spectra and X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis.

223. The corrosion product was exa - mined by means of SEM, EMP and X - ray diffraction.

224. A fundamental limit is imposed by the size of the diffraction disk of the telescope.

225. The curve of current changing with the magnetic field has strong analogy to the graph of Fraunhofer single-slit diffraction.

226. The interaction between copolymer ( acrylic acid - butenoic aldehyde ) and pickling pig skin was studied thermalX - ray diffraction patterns.

227. As one of the important technical specifications of diffraction grating, diffraction wave front aberration directly affects the grating resolution.

228. The changes of preferred orientation of PAN-based carbon fibers during continuous high temperature graphitization and hot stretching graphitization were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD).

229. The stability of up - quenched Cu - 25 . 0 Zn - 4.20 Al ( wt . % ) alloy has been studied by positron annihilation and X - ray diffraction.

229. try its best to collect and create good sentences.

230. Through analysis of the field scale samples in Wuqi oilfield by X-ray diffraction method, scaling causes and scale control measures are studied in downhole and gathering system.

231. The physical properties of WO3 thin films were tested by scanning electron microscope X-ray diffraction and electron prober microanalysis measurements respectively.

232. Advanced a real time measurement device on tool damage based on laser diffraction.

233. We have measured the diameters of four different filaments and verified the results obtained from Fraunhofer diffraction method by two other methods.

234. Optical observation for thin sections, X ray diffraction analyses and chemical analyses are applied to study the formation of a dacite weathering profile in Pingxiang, Guangxi.

235. The effects of rare earth element La during hydrogenolysis were studied by using SEM, X-ray diffraction and chemical and physical analysis.

236. The uncertainty principle can be obtained from the commutator of operators or from the diffraction of electron.

237. The diffraction formula and statistical law of optical fields are used to get the cross-correlation function of intensities of laser speckles of the moved diffuse object.

238. From the Fresnel diffraction equation, we calculated the intensity distribution of the FHB in free space, and found that there is an interested propagation property of the FHB before the focal plane.

239. The structures of the three compounds were characterized with X-ray diffraction, UV-vis spectroscopy, element analysis, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy.

240. Electron microscopy opened up the study of subcellular structures, and X-ray diffraction gave rise to the new subspecialty of molecular anatomy.

241. It is proved in a complicated optical system that the diffraction integration in terms of ray matrix element is the right solution 'for paraxial equation.

242. Diffraction, scattering or absorption experiments on materials using synchrotron X-radiation can provide new and more detailed structural information than using conventional X-ray sources.

243. In a single slit Fraunhofer diffraction device, the dissymmetry distributing diffraction pattern can be seen on the screen by turning one edge of the single slit and fixing another.

244. The measurement results for a new type of mm wave antenna—diffraction antenna were reported.

245. The crystal structure was determined by X ray single crystal diffraction, the structure is a distorted triangular bipyramid with five coordinated central tin atom.

246. Emphasis is put on the experimental research on its tunable range and the bandwidth narrowing with a diffraction grating and a Fabry-Perot etalon.

247. By X - ray diffraction,[http:///diffraction.html] it is found that there is BPO _ 4 crystallite on catalysts.

248. A - Fe 2 O 3 ( haematite ) was one of the first compounds to be studied by neutron diffraction.

249. In this model, the noise field in sound shadow region is deduced by applying Huygens-Fresnel principle. It provides a new ideal for deducing the diffraction sound of complicated...

250. Quantitative analysis of phase composition of EMD ( electrolytic manganese dioxide ) by X - ray diffraction method is introduced.

251. Numerical research was taken to study the field curvature effect on the far-field diffraction ring pattern based on Kirchhoff diffraction integral.

252. Tellurium is trapped in Te 4 O 11 form which is analyzed by X ray diffraction method.

253. The crystalline structure and morphology were characterized by powder X - ray diffraction and transmission electron micro - scope.

254. The improvement of deposit property had relation to the decrease of porosity, the refinement of grain and the variation of each diffraction peak' preferred orientation degree.

255. It is necessary for the design of a microwave communication project to know such parameters as location and height of obstacle, proper arrangement of antenna height, obstacle diffraction loss, ect.

256. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron diffraction (ED) revealed that the resulting product is of pure single-phase rhombohedral structure.

257. The growth was monitored in - situ by reflection high - energy electron diffraction ( RHEED ).