1. Karst landforms related more specifically to fluvial activity are discussed in Chapter 9.

2. Karst cave probing is a very important task in engineering geophysics.

3. This paper recorded the Musci of Maolan Karst Forest Area, 186 species (including subspecies and varieties) belong to 93 genera and 28 families are reported.

4. Epi - Fissure - Karst Zone ( EFKZ ) is commonly observed in karst mountainous area at the middle latitude of P.

5. What is more, the influence of karst surface of carbonate terrane on red clay formation was analyzed.

6. The karst fissure medium can be regarded as dual medium of porosity.

7. The first is the depression karst development pattern from dissolution of karst hill during Indo-Chinese epoch which is the key period for forming space of the reservoir.

8. The main water source is fracture - karst water in Middle Ordovician carbonate rocks.

9. The main opinion is that the type of karst water source field and technical conditions of exploiting karst water are different in different environmental conditions.

10. Karst caves are the unique tourism resources, and the main form of tourism development is tour sightseeing, so the transformation rate of cave resource superiority is low.

11. Karst geomorphic is a key factor to the formation and development of geological disasters.

12. The organic pollutants exist in karst water with a lower content and superscalar phenomenon only exists in local area.

13. This paper gives a brief introduction to the karst development in Dushan area and discusses the types,[] distribution and tracing test of karst groundwater.

14. This is more widely known to geomorphologists by its Germanic corruption, Karst.

15. Intermittent drainage, underground watercourses and vast cave systems are features of the karst.

16. Nevertheless, it is appropriate to consider here those components of karst topography that owe much of their origin to weathering processes.

17. The technique shows successful and economically reasonable in prospecting for Karst caves at superterranean and subterrane construction.

18. In the common situation, the seismic response of small scale karst collapse column (KCC) is not obvious.

19. The characteristics provide the reliable basis for the explanation of the complex geologic profiles and lay the foundation for the karst exploration with the method of seismic reflection wave.

20. The aim of the study was to assess the distribution pattern of land snails in different kinds of habitat and its zoogeographical structure in Maolan Karst Forest Nature Reserve, Guizhou, China.

21. However, during the Pleistocene glacial epoch, the melting water of the Pleistocene glaciers could form some small- scale karst caves along the margin of the glacial valley in the limestone mountains.

22. We have analysed the physicochemical features and the component fatty acid of seed oil of Sapium rotundifolium (Euphorbiaceae), a common wild tree in karst area.

23. Distribution rule of rock characters, geological structures and distribution condition of peneplain are analyzed understand karst distribution rule in depth.

24. This scenic area is a natural ecological tourist area characterized by typical karst gorges, waterfalls, karst dolines, bamboo forest, spinulose tree ferns (Cyathea spinulosa).

25. Because of thin solum and lower soil loss tolerance, the ecosystem in Karst region is very fragile. The vegetation is difficult to recover after destruction.

26. Tianmen Mountain is an integrated synclinal geological unit which has the landform of middle-mountain karst platform with peak groups and canyons.

27. Liuzhi Coal Mine is one of the areas in South Chica where karst water harm is serious.

28. Carlsbad Caverns located at new Mexico is currently being discovered by the 81 caves karst topography nets.

29. The condition of hydrological geology is relatively complexity and the contact of waterpower karst mine area.

30. Surface wave velocity image has a contrast effect on detecting karst body.

31. Through analyzing reciprocity relation of Karst collapse column and it's circumference terrane, Using elastic and plastic theory can solve out the ground stress in and around Karst collapse column.

32. Abastract: Highway engineering in karst areas has many challengeable problems such as engineering techniques, environment protection, sustainable development etc.

33. Unlike UNESCO designations, the sister-park arrangement between Mammoth Cave National Park and South China Karst World Heritage Site will be informal.

34. Fractures develop better in seasonal variation belts and horizontal undercurrent belts and worse in surface karst belts and vertical vadose belts.

35. While the karst cavernous reservoirs in Tahe are characterized by superimposition of multiple series of strata and continuous distribution in a large area.

36. There are many factors that affect the low flow in a karst basin, such as climate, catchment area, lithology, soil, landform and so on, most of which are uncertain.

37. Due to over pumping groundwater, hazard of mantled karst collapse may often take place there.

38. In this paper, the dynamics of pubescent hornbeam populations in karst mountain of Guiyang are analysed by using the method of substitution of space for time.

39. The safety factor of karst cave roof is defined as the ratio of actual shear strength parameter to critical failure shear strength parameter in this paper.

40. And the strong karstification in the same direction as layer and cataclasis create by tectonic stress are the control factors of Ordovician carbonate karst reservoir development.

41. It also implies that the karst process-related carbon sink intensity in glaciated karst water systems will decrease if some glaciers disappear due to global warming.

42. The newly discovered karst problem of marlite in Three Gorges region is an important problem in engineering geology.

43. The characteristic of soil erosion in the eastern part of Guizhou were expounded. The primary questions are the petridesert in karst area and the soil erosion in tung tree forest region.

44. Karst cave minerals are products of hypergene chemical deposition under the action of groundwater.

45. Based on the line investigation and the quadrat investigation,[] species multiplicity in Guizhou Litchi karst secondary forest were studied.

46. To overcome the disadvantage of converting permeability coefficients method, the formulas to calculate tensor of karst conduit in global coordinate system are deduced.

47. The Fault - fracture network is the main space of accumulating karst - fissure water limestone of Weibei coalfield.

48. In this way the model of generalized mediator can effective indicate the discontinuity and special aeolotropism of karst water-containing mediator.

49. In Early Carboniferous karst peneplain of Central Guizhou there were a lot of karst negative forms, for example karst basin, karst depression.

50. Karst is a process and result of groundwater geologic function and it is one of bad geological phenomenon facing tunnel construction.

51. Leaf structure of Rhus chinensis in karst area is studied by paraffin sectioning and electron microscope and some xerophilous structures are found in leaf under water stress.

52. The diversion tunnel section excavated by tunneller is buried deeply, the under ground water level is high, the activities of underground water is lively, and Karst topography is quite developed.

53. The palaeokarst abrupt slope, the palaeokarst monadnock and its surrounding were the best preserved region of karst and corrosion holes.

54. Human activities are an major factor of the formation of stony desert in the karst pimple plain, and peak forest basin on the water parting, where headward erosion can't occur.

55. The Doulishan coal-mining district is an irregular triangle compound synclinal basin with a complex hydrogeologic setting. There are five karst collapse belts in the coal-mining district.

56. However, similar characteristics of deep karst below the present drainage datum plane are less studied up to now.

57. And karst diaspore bauxite deposits belong to bioorganic sedimentary deposits.

58. The stability problem of wall rock was prominent, and the factors that affect the wall rock stability including karst, disadvantage structure surface, and the block body combined by the two factors.

59. A case history of the application of the P-wave reflection method in that area to investigate the bedding plane of bedrock, karst cave , fault and the distribution of the dissolution belt is given.

60. The shaft sinking with the aid of grouting in Jingzhou Asbestos Mine indicates that sinking is possible in aquiferous karst area.

61. Hongfeng Lake, a key drinking-water source located in Karst areas, was selected to analyze the microorganisms associated with nitrogen cycle.

62. The Karst collapse is the most important engineering geologic problem a new international airport faces, the research of assessment of the Karst collapses predetermination is necessary.

63. Although karst pore system was packed again after forming, it provides conditions for the development of burial corrasion pores.

64. Many bacteria strains separated from the soil samples in southwest China karst area can produce secrete extra-cellular carbonic anhydrase (CA).

65. It is then concluded that Rhus chinensis adapts to the karst drought environment with protection type.

66. Vegetation rehabilitation and ecological construction in the karst mountains is always a difficulty in land management in the tropical and warm sub-tropical zone of China.

67. North of the Cordillera is the karst country where the limestone has been acted upon by water to produce a series of small steep hills and deep holes, both conical in shape.

68. The karstic collapse column is the old bedrock subside which the stiff non-dissolubility rock caved in subjacent karst cave.

69. The engineering in this paper case commences designing to apply apparent resistivity in detection of karst cracks developed.

70. Zoumaling tunnel passes through the Fangdoushan anticline where the karst development is strong.

71. Besides, the thesis has study the content and method of the information design and construction in the complex karst upgrowth of tunnel.

72. Soil erosion and disasters of flood and waterlog, ground degeneration resulting from it have become the limiting factors for harmony developments in karst areas.

73. Paleaokarst might be classified, paternally as karst trace, karst cave, karst pore and cave, vertically as surface karst belt, seepage flow karst belt and underflow karst belt.

74. The leaf morphological and physiological evolution of Paphiopedilum was related to water and resource-conserving traits in the karst habitat.

75. Landscape mainly consists of water karst topography and the two broad categories.

76. Tangshan city is the typical karst - cranny developing area in Huabei region which is shallowly covered up.

77. The activity of carbonic anhydrase in the soils of low vegetation coverage is lower than that in the soils of high vegetation coverage in various Karst ecosystems.

78. It is redefined the meaning of "karst water source field" and put forward a new category of "karst water source field" in this paper.

79. Such kind of clay can be used as high mobility material in paper industry. And karst diaspore bauxite deposits belong to bioorganic sedimentary deposits.

80. Lonicera confusa is the typical specie developing at karst Calcium (Ca)-rich environment; it has the mechanism of excreting calcium by stoma of leaves to adapt the Ca-rich environment.

81. Debao bauxite deposit in Guangxi province is a karst accumulation type deposit.

82. Unmerited artificial action and frangibility of karst mountain area brought out many environment problems, such as soil leanness, absence of water resources and grave desertification.

83. The probabilistic analysis of karst collapse to Zhemu village in Guilin indicates that the probabilistic was 7.38% in 2000,1.47% in 2001 and 16.4% in 2002.

84. The later period of karst corrosion deposit experienced lateritization, had accomplished the red clay basic characteristic.

85. There is abundant karst fissure water in the limestone and dolomite of Cambrian and Ordovician.

86. To preserve their beauty and scientific value, Mammoth Cave National Park, in the southern United States, and South China Karst World Heritage Site, in southern China, are becoming sister parks.

87. Diatoms biological functions on subaerial Karst sedimentation are studied chiefly in this paper, including assimilation, tapping and felting effects, encrustation, cementation.

88. The risk evaluation of karst immersion-waterlog-ging hazard refers to the comprehensive analysis and study on the whole process of the hazard.

89. Thepropose of the paper is to study karst groundwater dispersive flow field with traces.

90. The epidiagenetic karst porosity, early reburial deep dissolution porosity and middle-late structural cracks constituted the main oil and gas reservoir spaces in hydrocarbon accumulation period.

91. A type of topography formed in areas of widespread carbonate rocks through dissolution. Sink holes, caves and pock-marked surfaces are typical features of a karst topography.

92. The structure of and rock extremly complex in the discordance formation system in Karst area.

93. Many coal mine in our country suffers from the Ordovician period Karst containing water inrush frequently due to the complex geology condition, Water inrush is a serious disaster in coal mining.

94. The resource protection and development livelihood is the relative and restrictive issue the Karst mountainous area.