(1) The application of nanometer zero - valent iron in the environmental remediation was mainly discussed.

(2) Pinacol coupling reaction induced by low valent titanium has higher chemoselectivity and stereoselectivity, and has increasing attracted organic chemists in recent years.

(3) The valent weight ratio of the coordination agents to the phenyl trichlorosilane is 100 to 300 percent.

(4) Loving non - valent, loving being noble and pure, are fact but warning needed by everyone life.

(5) Results:Among the 54 cases there were 45 cases with meiotic arrest in pachytene stage, 6 univalent cases, 2 multi valent cases and 1 case with normal meiosis.

(6) The application of carbonyl reductive coupling reaction induced by low valent titanium as the crucial macrocyclization in the total syntheses of cembrane- type diterpenoids are reviewed.

(7) It was revealed that the formation of cerium conversion coatings involves a chemical dissolution process of anodized film and an electroreduction process of 4 valent state cerium compound.

(8) The product have a soft point 130 ℃ and high valent of use.

(9) Tlae progress in linear chain clusters of low - valent platinum group metals is briefly reviewed.

(10) Progress in pinacol coupling of aldehydes and ketones using low valent titanium is reviewed in recent years.

(11) This paper reviews the reductive reactions and reductive coupling reactions induced by low - valent titanium reagents.

(12) The strategies to promote heterolytic cleavage of hydrogen peroxide to facilitate the formation of active high valent metal-oxo species were discussed in details.