1. In addition, we research atmospheric refraction influence to space-earth satellite communication, and put forward that amending emission angle can eliminate excursion between beam and satellite.

2. The method to correct atmospheric refraction that directly influences the measurement accuracy of total station monitoring system is studied.

3. Atmospheric refraction and dispersion affect the observation quality and efficiency of Large Sky Area Multi-object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST).

4. Implementing the valid real-time correction of atmospheric refraction coefficient has become the key to increase the precision of total-station instrument's triangle elevation.

5. Atmospheric refraction anti atmospheric chromatic dispersion values were calculated through numerical iteration based on the segmented linear model of vertical atmospheric temperature profile.

6. The atmospheric refraction is a main cause to remote sensing image distortion.

7. The error of atmospheric refraction is one of the main systematic errors in precise levelling,[sentencedict .com] especially levelling in mountainous areas.

8. The practical operating process of correction of atmospheric refraction is introduced.

9. A formula of atmospheric refraction error of range measured by difference frequency delay method is presented.

10. While a prism can make a dramatic rainbow, atmospheric refraction isn't that strong.

11. Therefore, atmospheric refraction modification must be made in order to improve the accuracy of measurement.

12. Pointing error induced by atmospheric refraction and atmospheric chromatic dispersion is analyzed for different zenith angle, altitude of ground station point ahead angle and operating wave band.

13. The effect of atmospheric refraction error on observed value is a very thorny problem in EDM trigonometric leveling.

14. The model is applied to the real-time correction of atmospheric refraction coefficient and a mixed GANN real-time correction model is established.

15. The latter first research the properties of earth curvature and atmospheric refraction, then estimate the altitude by increasing the radius of the earth.

16. Dynamic mirages are very beautiful nature phenomena, which are caused by the atmospheric refraction and total internal reflection in some special conditions.

17. In this paper, a more strict formula for calculating the correction of atmospheric refraction is derived by the intergral method and a reduced formula applicable to leveling is given.

18. In the paper, further study on the theory of atmospheric refraction has been made, a new atmospheric model has been established and a more accurate correction formula for atmospheric refraction has b...

19. A new differential method is presented to measure the atmospheric refraction.

20. On the basis of the data acquired by sounding balloon, the influence of the atmospheric model on the calculation of atmospheric refraction was discussed.

21. The usable accurate error values can not be given by the existing atmospheric refraction theories, especially in the case of greater zenith distances.

22. It is an important task that reduce affection of atmospheric refraction in astronomical survey.

23. Uplink laser beam is more difficult to point satellite for earth-to-satellite laser communication because of the atmospheric refraction.