1. Culm sheath auricles falcate, long. Leaf blade abaxially minutely pubescent along one or both sides of midrib.

2. Leaf blade abaxially initially densely yellow tomentose, glabrescent ; inflorescences to 40-flowered, larger, initially densely white tomentose.

3. Fruit pyriform; leaf blade abaxially densely gray or yellowish gray tomentose.

4. Leaves cordate at base, distal ones abaxially with a globose bulbil. Petaline spur ca . 1 mm. Persistent style ca . 2. 5 mm.

5. Zhifu sunny verdant, picturesque, abaxially Guaidan rugged, steep cliffs, like his king, so Zhifu hill and Lord hill called.

6. Samara pubescent; leaf blade abaxially sparsely pubescent, adaxially hirsute or with convex trichome scars, base attenuated to rounded, apex shortly caudate.

7. Leaf blade abaxially with more than one type of hair, some slender, others long and robust, those on veins villous and tufted; petals 1.5-2.5 cm.

8. Leaves densely glandular and abaxially scabrous ; corolla white with a yellow center.

9. Leaves 3–5-foliolate, abaxially tomentose, glabrescent , subglabrous when old. Branchlets, petioles, pedicel, and abaxial surface of calyx with sparse, glandular hairs.

10. Leaf blade abaxially glabrous to puberulent ; inflorescence rachis mostly less than 1 cm,[http:///abaxially.html] if longer then rachis straight.

11. Leaves opposite, simple, sometimes lobed , usually with large gland patches near base, often abaxially gray mealy.

12. Current year branchlets stout, 2-ribbed; leaf blade thickly leathery, abaxially reddish brown when dry; sepals pubescent.

13. Basal culm internodes with pale green stripes; leaf blade abaxially glabrous.